Which of the following compounds does NOT belong to the alkenes homologous series?

1.  C₂H₄ 
2.  C₃H₆  
3.  C₄H ₈ 
4.  C₅H₁₀ 
5.  C₆H ₁₄.

(vi) Which one is the molecular formula for prop-I -ene?

1. C₃H₅
2. CH₃CCH
3. C₃H₄
4. HCH₂CCH
5. CH₃CHCH₂

When methane undergoes substitutional reaction with excess chlorine, what is the final product?

1. Chloromethane
2. Dichloromethane 
3. Trichloromethane 
4. Tetrachloromethane 
5. Monochloromethane

Which of the following hydrocarbons does NOT belong to the same homologous series as the others?

1. CH₄ B
2. C3H 8
3. ^C4^H₁₀ 
4. C6H 12
5. C2H 12.

Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to form a group of organic compounds called

1. alkynes
2. aldehydes
3. ethers
4. esters
5. alkanols.

   The following equation is a propagation step in the chlorination of methane:

1. Cl₂ Cl^• ₊ Cl^•
2. CH^•₃ + Cl^• CH₃Cl
3. CH^•₃ + Cl₂ CH₃Cl + Cl^•
4. CH₄ + Cl^• CH₃Cl + H^•
5. CH^•₃ + Cl₂ Ch₂Cl + Cl^•.

 Which of the following equations represents the combustion of methane with the products collected at 120^oC?

1.  CH4(l) +2O2(g) ?CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
2.  CH4(g) +2O2(l) ?CO2(s) + 2H2O(l)
3.  CH4(g) +2O2(g) ?CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
4.  CH4(l) +2O2(l) ?CO2(l) + 2H2O(g)
5.  CH4(l) +2O2(g) ?CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

(iv)Which one is the molecular formula for prop-I-yne?

1. C₃H₆ 
2.  CH₃CCH
3.  C₃H₄ 
4.  HCH₂CCH 
5.  CH₃CHCH₂

The occurrence of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different molecular structures is known as.

1. Amphoterism
2. Isomerism
3. Allotropy
4. Polymorphism
5. Isotopy

  C₂H₄Cl can be represented in different structures which are called

1. homologous series
2. isomers
3. structural formulae
4. identical structures
5. condensed structures.

  Which of the following compounds does NOT belong to the alkane homologous series?

1.    C2H 4    
2.  CH4    
3. C4H 10     
4.  C3H 8              
5. C5H 12.

12. (a) Distinguish alkanes from alkenes by giving three points.

(b) Why carbon has been given special attention in organic chemistry rather than other elements? Give four reasons.

SECTION C (15 Marks)

Answer one (1) question in this section.

Define the following terms: 

1. Neutralization.
2. Unsaturated solution.
3. Thermal decomposition.

.  (i)  Define isomerism.

(ii) Draw and name two structural formulae of the isomers of C4H8.

Write the chemical formula of tetrachloromethane and state the type of bond that exists.

You are provided with CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH3, CH3COOH, and CH2 =CH2.

1. Which compounds are gases at room temperature?
2. How can you distinguish compound CH3CH2CH3 and CH2= CH2?
3. Which compound would react with sodium carbonate? Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Write the structural formula for the following compounds:

1. But-2-ene.

2. Pent-2-yne

3. 1,2-dichloroethane

4. 2,4-dimethylhexane.

 When a burning splint is introduced into a gas jar containinakes use of these two properties?

(a) (i) State three characteristics of a homologous series.

(ii) Draw the displayed/open structure formula of 2, 2-dichlorohexane.

(iii)  Giving two reasons, explain why 2, 2-dichloro-3-methylbutane is a structural isomer of 2, 2-dichloropentane. 

 Write down the chemical equations of the reactions between the following:

(i)  Ethanol and sodium metal.

(ii) Propanol warmed with excess acidified potassium permanganate.

(iii) Propanol and acetic acid warmed together in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.

  Explain the following reactions giving one example in each:

(i)  Addition reaction.

(ii)Elimination reaction.

 Consider a four carbon hydrocarbon (C₄H_n), where n is an integer. Give the name of homologous series, molecular formula and structural formula for different isomers of the compound formed by each homologous. In each case indicate the causes of isomerism. 

Which homologous series of organic compounds can be represented by the following general formula?

(i) Cn H_2n+2

(ii) C_nH_2n

 (iii) C_n H_{2 n+1}OH (3 marks)

Give the name of the first compound in each series. (3 marks)

(a) Which homologous series of organic compounds can be represented by the following general formula?

(i) Cn H_2n+2

(ii) C_nH_2n

 (iii) C_n H_{2 n+1}OH (3 marks)

(b) Give the name of the first compound in each series. (3 marks)

 (c) (i) Describe a reaction by which a named compound of series in (a) (ii) can be converted to a compound of series in (a) (ii).

(ii) How can a compound of series (a) (iii) be converted to a compound of series in (a) (ii)? (4 marks)