THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA, PRIME MINISTR'S OFFICE-RALG

FORM THREE JOINT ANNUAL EXAMINATION

024 LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

TIME: 03:00 HOURS YEAR: 2026

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of Sections A, B and C with eleven (11) questions.
2. Answer all questions in Sections A and B and two questions in Section C, of which Question 9 is compulsory.
3. Section A carries sixteen (16) marks, Section B fifty-four (54) marks and Section C thirty (30) marks.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your name on every page of your answer sheet.

SECTION A (16 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)–(x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the corresponding item number in the answer sheet provided.

i. Bi Kidude narrated a nice story about a wedding party of a hyena’s son who married a fox’s daughter. It was very crowded, but whoever attended ate and drank abundantly. Ultimately, we learnt that we should be very obedient to our parents. This narration matches which of the following oral literary works?

1. A folktale
2. Legend
3. A tall tale
4. Fable

ii. Masai wrote a real-life history of Mr Mtui. Which type of literary work has Masai written?

1. An essay
2. Adventures
3. Adventure
4. Biography
5. Autobiography

iii. The following are common features of both written and oral literature, except

1. They both reflect human realities
2. They both need literate audiences and artists
3. Both are governed by form and content
4. They both use creative language
5. Both have messages to deliver to society

vi. Which literary term denotes a female artist who composes poems?

1. Poet
2. Singer
3. Song
4. Poetess
5. Diction

v. Suppose you have been asked to write a story with a main character who bears heroic elements. What is this character called?

1. A dynamic character
2. A round character
3. A static character
4. A protagonist
5. An antagonist

vi. Irene’s grandmother is good at weaving; she weaves fabric items at Same DC. How can you describe Irene’s grandmother in literature?

1. She is doing an art
2. She is doing oral literature
3. She is doing written literature
4. She is a good weaver
5. She is experienced in literature

vii. Christians believe that when Jesus was teaching his disciples, he used illustrations and examples to present moral or spiritual truths. In one word, Jesus was teaching using

1. Jokes
2. Proverbs
3. Parables
4. Folktales
5. Fables

viii. Mwana is a literary artist who composes plays. What is she called?

1. A player
2. A playwright
3. A novelist
4. A biographer
5. An autographer

ix. A puzzling question, statement or description, especially one intended to test the respondent’s cleverness, is a

1. Riddle
2. Parable
3. Myth
4. Proverb
5. Anecdote

x. A sentence that is difficult to pronounce quickly because of a sequence of nearly similar sounds is a

1. Tongue-twister
2. Slip of the tongue
3. Parables
4. Comedy
5. Foreshadowing

2. Match the descriptions in List A with the corresponding items in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside each item number.

SECTION B (54 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. Imagine that you meet your friend Jovan, who is studying PCB at Same Yetu High School. You tell him that you are studying Literature in English, and he says that you are wasting your time. In six points, prove to him that he is wrong about Literature in English.

4. Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow.

WESTERN CIVILIZATION — Agostinho Neto (Angola)

Sheets of tin nailed to posts
driven in the ground
make up the house
Some rags complete
the intimate landscape.

The sun slanting through cracks
welcomes the owner

After twelve hours of slave
labour.

breaking rock
shifting rock
breaking rock
shifting rock

fair weather
wet weather
breaking rock
shifting rock

Old age comes early

A mat on dark nights
is enough when he dies
gratefully
of hunger.

1. Who is the persona in this poem, and how do you know?
2. Stanza five has only one verse which says “Old age comes early”. Why is it so, and what does it mean?
3. Find a stanza that contains personification and explain why it is personification.
4. Suggest three main ideas that the poet wanted to communicate to his audience.
5. Do you think this poem is still relevant today? How?

5. With examples, write short notes on the following literary terms.

1. Modern poetry.
2. Narrative poem.
3. Art.

6. Which literary term(s) are described by each of the following statements?

1. The point of the greatest emotional intensity, interest or suspense in the plot of a narrative.
2. Joyce complains that he is so hungry that he can eat a whole cow. What figure of speech is this?
3. Before his death, the famous businessman Dr Reginald Mengi wrote a book about his own life and experiences entitled I Can, I Must, I Will. What are such accounts called?
4. Mzee Kimeshu likes to use expressions whose meanings differ from the meanings of the individual words. What are these expressions called?
5. A kind of literature that deals with non-factual material or imaginary events and characters.
6. “Mother! When I grow up, I will not carry a pen but a gun.”
7. “I’ve got just a little amount to sustain me for a week; only one billion.”
8. “O stone, O might, O heart of man-made god, thou art the emblem of our hope.”
9. “We cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.”

7. Read the following extract from The Concubine and answer the questions that follow.

“Ihuoma belongs to the sea. When she was in spirit world, she was a wife of a Sea-King, the ruling spirit of the sea. Against the advice of her husband, she sought the company of human beings and was incarnated. The sea-king was very angry but because he loved her best of all his wives, he did not destroy her immediately she was born. However, because of his great love for her he is terribly jealous and tries to destroy any man who makes love to her.” (The Concubine, p. 195)

1. Suggest three themes with evidence from the paragraph.
2. State three messages from the themes you have mentioned in (a) above.

8.

1. As a Literature student, concisely discuss how literary devices can be effective in literary works. (Three points)
2. “Literature and other works of art are inseparable.” Demonstrate this statement with three points.

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

Answer only TWO (2) questions from this section. Question 9 is compulsory.

LIST OF READINGS

PLAYS

• The Lion and the Jewel..........................Wole Soyinka
• The Trials of Brother Jero.....................Wole Soyinka
• The Dilemma of a Ghost.......................Ama Ata Aidoo
• The Government Inspector...........................N. Gogol

NOVELS

• The Concubine......................Elechi Amadi
• Houseboy......................Ferdinand Oyono
• The Old Man and the Medal...........................Ferdinand Oyono
• A Walk in the Night and Other Stories......................Alex La Guma

POETRY

• Selected Poems.....................Tanzania Institute of Education
• Growing Up with Poetry..........................David Rubadiri

9. In most cases, novelists reveal social realities in their works, even through the titles themselves. Use two novels of your choice from the list above to prove this statement. (Three points from each novel)

10. Different playwrights in different plays have portrayed women differently. A woman is either a pot full of poison or a beehive full of honey. Prove this statement by using The Dilemma of a Ghost by Ama Ata Aidoo and The Trials of Brother Jero by Wole Soyinka. Use six points in total.

11. In writing poems, poets become the voice for the voiceless. Use two poems to show what the poets want their readers to learn from them. (Three points from each poem)

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM THREE ANNUAL EXAMINATION

024 LITERATURE IN ENGLISH  

Time: 3 Hours November 2025

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of eleven (11) questions.   
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and Two (2) questions from section  C.
3. Section A carries (16) marks, section B (54) Marks and section C carries (30) marks.  
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.      
5. Write your examination number on every page of your answer booklet.      

SECTION A: (16 Marks)

Answer ALL questions in this section.

1. For each of the following item, choose the best answer from the given alternatives and write the best answer beside the item in the answer sheets provided.

(i) Lakunle in ‘The Lion and The jewel’ is seen alone speaks his thoughts aloud to express his innermost thought while asking and answering himself, the technic is called? 

1. Stage directions
2. Rehearsal
3. Soliloquy
4. Monologue
5. Dialogue

(ii) In rising action, it is impossible to get solution of the conflict because?

1. It is the only stage where characters are introduced to make climax.
2. It is the only stage where tone is introduced to make crisis.
3. It is the only stage where conflict is introduced to make exposition.
4. It is the only stage where opposing forces are shown to make crisis and climax.
5. It is the only stage where both characters and tone are introduced to solve conflict.

(iii) Ferdinandi Oyono in his novel Houseboy has presented his writing in which both characters and events are not real but they are imaginary, the work is termed as 

1. Fiction
2. Non-fiction
3. Imaginary story
4. Short story
5. Historical novel

(iv) Jengua composed a literary story dealing with one major theme which has got simple plot and few characters and can be read and completed in one sitting, the literary work will be termed as

1. Novella
2. Short story
3. Fiction
4. Short drama
5. Mix form short story

(v) The Mount Kilimanjaro moved majestically many times; literary this is called?

1. Personification
2. Understatement
3. Epilogue
4. Symbolism
5.  Anaphora

(vi) Poets, Novelists and playwrights are called creators because?

1. They create characters by giving the roles to represent the real human being.
2. They create characters to speak figures of speech to the readers.
3. They make rhyme and rhythm to the characters.
4. They create Dramatic irony to the characters.
5. They create titles which always relate to the content.

(vii) Ailatu used her body movement and facial expression to convey a message of anger to her husband without speaking, the situation is called?

1. Theatre
2. Stage
3. Pantomime
4. Aside
5. Characterization

(viii) Mrisho Mpoto when performs, he likes to wear many clothes to make her fatter than the way she is, she also wears mask to hide her face while performing, these two garments worn termed as?

1. Masks
2. Costumes
3. Performance garments
4. Props
5. Performance items

(ix) In The tragic play called Oedipus The King, there is a character who unknowingly marries his own mother, they make a family, a thing which is obvious known to the audience and not to the character, in drama this means

1. Dramatic irony
2. Foreshadow
3. Irony of situation
4. Satiric irony
5. Verbal irony

(x) Literature is the work of ART due to the following except. 

1. The use title to relate the content.
2. The use of setting to show an action.
3. The use of literary language like Exaggeration
4. The use of characters to provide message.
5. The use of ordinary language like that used in normal works.

2. Match the concept in Column A with their corresponding terms in Column B In the following table

SECTION B: (54 Marks)  

Answer ALL questions from this section.

3. Max and Zembwela were in great discussion about the concept of Literature. Max argues that Literature can exist without the society as he says Literature is an independent entity. As a Literature student argue against Max’s views (6 points)

4. A) Compose a sonnet elegy poem

B) i. Show two symbols and what do they symbolize.

ii. Show barbarism from your poem. iii. Relate the poem from your society. iv. Show the main theme of your poem.

5. Write the short notes for each of the following literary terms.

1. Stage direction
2. Prose
3. Currently literature
4. Cast of characters
5. Plot
6. Irony

6. Comment the following literary statements.

1. Language is the literary tool. 
2. Novels are fictious work. 
3. Characters are the vehicles in literary works.
4. Oral literature is the oldest one.
5. Society is everything in literature.
6. Reading literary works is like travelling worldwide.

7. Figures of speech includes things like, simile, repetition, hyperbole, symbolism, personification and onomatopoeia, with examples explain the roles of the terms.

8. I watched the drama called Barua Ndefu kama hii in the drama I saw dialogue and events which were consecutively with sound effect or music, prove by using six (6) points Why music applied in the drama.

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Answer only two (02) questions from this section.

LIST OF READINGS 

PLAYS

• The Lion and The Jewel- Wole Soyinka
• The Trials of Brother Jero- Wole Soyinka
• The Dilemma of A Ghost- Ama Ata Aidoo
• The Government Inspector- Nikolai Gogol

NOVELS

• A Walk in The Night- Alex La Guma
• The Old man and The Medal- Ferdinand Oyono
• Houseboy- Ferdinand Oyono
• The Concubine- Elechi Amadi

POETRY

• Selected Poems- Tanzania Institute of Education
• Growing Up with Poetry- David Rubadiri

9. Poets are the teachers who always speak the truth, show your arguments by using two poems. six (6) points, three (3) points from each poem

10. People enter collision due different sources, use two plays of your choice to reveal causative of people to stay apart. Six (6) points, Three (3) points from each play

11. Novelists use figurative language to send message to the readers, use two novels to state how the novelist have used this technique accordingly six (6) points), six (3) point from each novel.

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA PRESIDENT’S OFFICE – REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT 

FORM THREE ANNUAL EXAMINATION – NOVEMBER-2025 L

ITERATURE IN ENGLISH TIME: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of three sections A, B and C .
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C.
3. Cellular phones and unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
4. Write your answers clearly in the spaces provided.
5. All essays must be well organized and relevant.

SECTION A (15    Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks). Choose the correct answer and write its letter in your answer booklet.

(i) Literature is best defined as: 

1. A collection of scientific facts 
2. Written or spoken works that express human experiences creatively
3. A book written in English only 
4. The study of grammar

(ii) Which of the following is NOT a function of literature? 

1. To entertain 
2. To educate 
3. To preserve culture 
4. To measure speed

(iii) Which one of the following is an example of oral literature? 

1. A novel 
2. A poem performed by word of mouth 
3. A newspaper 
4. A biography

(iv) A short story is an example of: 

1. Drama 
2. Poetry 
3. Prose 
4. Folktale

(v) The repetition of initial consonant sounds in a line of poetry is called: 

1. Personification 
2. Alliteration 
3. Simile 
4. Metaphor

(vi) Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? 

1. Romeo and Juliet – Prose 
2. Things Fall Apart – Drama 
3. The Lion and the Jewel – Play 
4. The Pearl – Poetry

(vii) Which element of a play refers to the place and time of events? 

1. Theme 
2. Plot 
3. Character 
4. Setting

(viii) The message of a literary work is: 

1. What the writer intends to communicate to readers 
2. The list of characters in the work 
3. The sequence of events 
4. The way characters speak

(ix) Which of the following is NOT a genre of oral literature? 

1. Myths 
2. Proverbs 
3. Epics 
4. Novels

(x) Which literary device is used in the statement “The sun smiled at the village” ? 

1. Simile
2. Hyperbole
3. Personification 
4. Irony

2. Matching Items (6 marks). Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct answer.

SECTION B (54 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section. Each question carries 9 marks .

3. A teacher asked her students to explain the value of literature in society. (a) Define literature. (b) State three functions of literature in everyday life. (c) Explain three ways in which literature preserves culture.

4. A grandmother narrated a folktale to her grandchildren during the evening. (a) Identify the genre of oral literature being performed. (b) Explain three importance of folktales in society. (c) Mention three challenges facing the transmission of oral literature today.

5. Students in a literature club read a short story written by a Tanzanian author. 

1. State three features of written literature. 
2. Differentiate between prose and drama.
3. Give two advantages and one disadvantage of written literature compared to oral literature.

6. You are given a play with the following summary: “A young man refuses his father’s advice, later faces hardships, and finally realises the importance of family.” 

1. Identify two possible themes from the play. 
2. List three possible characters in this play. 
3. Draw a simple diagram showing the structure of the play (exposition → rising action → climax → falling action → resolution).

7. A poet writes: “Time is a thief, stealing our moments of joy.” 

1. Identify the literary device used in the line. 
2. Explain two reasons why writers use literary devices in their works. 
3. Mention two other literary devices and give one example of each.

8. In a play, the main character is portrayed as hardworking, generous, and caring, while his friend is lazy and jealous. (a) Distinguish between character and characterization. (b) State two methods a writer uses to reveal character traits. (c) Explain three roles of characters in a play.

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Each question carries 15 marks .

9. Using one play or novel you have studied in class, discuss the main themes and show how the writer communicates the message to the audience.

10. “Literature is not only for entertainment but also for development of society.” With reference to two works of literature you have read, justify this statement.

11. With concrete examples from a play or novel you have studied, explain how setting, plot and language work together to make the story effective.