THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM ONE ANNUAL JOINT EXAMINATION

034 AGRICULTURE

TIME: 2:30 HOURS , NOVEMBER 2026

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of Sections A, B and C.
2. Answer ALL questions.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

1. For each of the following items (i)–(x), choose the correct answer from the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number. (10 Marks)

i.Agriculture is another term for farming. It involves ___________.

1. Growing and harvesting crops and looking after animals.

2. Number of plants per unit area.

3. Specific amount and type of seed provided to animal.

4. Killing animal for meat.

ii. Animal production involves different activities from raising animals to selling them. Which of the following is not a fact about this statement?

1. Planning how to raise animal.

2. Providing housing for the animals.

3. Feeding the animal.

4. Preparing land for planting.

iii. Horticulture is the part of agriculture combining art and science in cultivating and managing vegetables, fruits and spices. Which part of horticulture studies fruits?

1. Olericulture.

2. Pomology.

3. Viticulture.

4. Floriculture.

iv. Agricultural engineering uses science and technology to improve ___________.

1. Food consumption.

2. Disease control in crops.

3. Efficiency, productivity and quality of farming.

4. Weed control in crop production.

v. The soil particles with diameter less than 0.002 m are known as ___________.

1. Silt soil.

2. Clay soil.

3. Sand soil.

4. Loamy soil.

vi. A farmer at Mtakuja village was watering his garden. While watering he noticed that the soil drains water quickly. What does this suggest to the farmer?

1. It is sand soil.

2. It is silt soil.

3. It is clay soil.

4. It is loamy soil.

vii. Which one is not an example of crops for which the whole plant, leaves, stems, fruits, roots, seeds or pods are used as food, normally mixed with other foods?

1. Okra.

2. Chinese cabbage.

3. Spinach.

4. Tangerine.

viii. Arrangement of individual soil particles into aggregates is called ___________.

1. Soil structure.

2. Soil texture.

3. Soil porosity.

4. Soil profile.

ix. Horticultural farming can be grouped in various ways. How can horticulture be grouped according to purpose?

1. Subsistence and commercial.

2. Home gardening.

3. Field horticulture.

4. Mixed gardening.

x. Germination test is when a seed grows into a plant. What is the germination percentage if the total seeds sown are 1250 and 1225 seeds germinated?

1. 96%.

2. 98%.

3. 97%.

4. 92%.

2. Match the items in LIST A with the responses in LIST B by writing the letter of the corresponding response beside the item number. (5 Marks)

SECTION B (70 MARKS)

3. Agriculture is a cornerstone of Tanzania’s economy. Justify this statement by explaining five points. (10 Marks)

4. Agriculture subject teaches about crop and animal production or value chains for better returns. Learning proper practices in these chains requires knowledge and skills from agriculture and other subjects. Explain how agriculture is closely related to five other subjects in various ways or fields. (10 Marks)

5.

1. Why are horticultural crops considered essential for economic development and nutritional security? Give five points. (5 Marks)
2. Farmers at Zayomoyoni village were advised by an agricultural extension officer to start horticultural production on their farms. As a student studying Agriculture, what important resources are needed by farmers to start vegetable production? Give five resources. (5 Marks)

6.

1. Soil is the topmost part of the earth where plants and animals live. Mention five components of soil and, for each component, show its distribution by volume. (7.5 Marks)
2. Organic matter is the remains of dead plants and animals. How is organic matter important in the soil? Give three points. (2.5 Marks)

7.

1. Mention four major horizons in a soil profile found in undisturbed soils and give one characteristic for each horizon. (8 Marks)
2. Why is horizon B considered to be less fertile than horizon A? (2 Marks)

8.

1. Soil is used for growing crops; soil is like a plant’s home as it offers good conditions for growth. But not all soil is suitable for growing crops. Give four reasons for this statement. (4 Marks)
2. How can farmers keep their soil healthy? Give six points. (6 Marks)

9. Complete the table below showing primary characteristics of soil type components. (10 Marks)

SECTION C (15 MARKS)

10.

1. What is a crop pest?
2. Explain methods used to control crop pests in vegetable production.