THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

013 GEOGRAPHY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

TIME: 3 Hours Thursday, October 13, 2005 p.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D.

2. Answer all questions in sections A, B and C and one (1) question from each part of section D.

3. Map extract of Tabora sheet 118/2 is provided.

4. Credit will be given for the use of relevant sketch maps and diagrams.

5. Electronic calculators are not allowed in the examination room.

6. Cellular phones are not allowed in the examination room.

7. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A (25 marks)

PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY

1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.

(i) The earth’s shape is a flattened sphere which is called

1. ekman spiral
2. geoid
3. globe
4. galtax 
5. spherical.

(ii) ________ occurs when three heavenly bodies are in one line and one of them being the source of light.

1. Solar system 
2. Equinox 
3. Eclipse 
4. Solstice 
5. Solar radiation.

(iii) The Secretary General of the UN addressed the world from New York (75°W 42°N) at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday. At what time and day will people in Dar Es Salaam (45°E 06°S) hear the same speech?

1. 3:30 a.m. Wednesday 
2. 12:30 p.m. Tuesday 
3. 11:30 p.m. Wednesday 
4. 3:30 p.m. Wednesday 
5. 8:30 p.m. Tuesday.

(iv) The temperature at Moshi 950 metres is 24°C. What will the temperature be at Uhuru Peak 5,895 metres above sea level?

1. 32°C 
2. ?8°C 
3. ?24°C 
4. 18°C 
5. 0°C

(v) When two forces act away from each laterally, they are called

1. lateral forces 
2. orogenic forces 
3. vertical forces
4. compressional forces 
5. tensional forces.

(vi) A delta which is found in a lake is called ________ delta.

1. marine 
2. lacustrine 
3. alluvial 
4. arcute 
5. bird’s foot

(vii) A natural outflow of water from the surface rock is known as

1. oasis 
2. stream 
3. artesian well 
4. spring 
5. aquifer.

(viii) When several rivers drain into a depression they form a drainage system called ________ drainage.

1. radial
2. superimposed 
3. trellised 
4. centripetal 
5. dendritic

(ix) A soluble rock with jointed structure resembling a wall is called

1. granite 
2. grike 
3. basalt 
4. limestone 
5. clint.

(x) The Barysphere of the earth is made up of

1. silica and magnesia 
2. silica and alumina
3. iron and nickel
4. iron and zinc
5. iron and alumina.

2. Match the phrases in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response besides the item number.

3. State three (3) mechanisms developed by plants to adapt themselves to drought conditions.

SECTION B (27 marks)

STATISTICS, RESEARCH TECHNIQUES AND SIMPLE SURVEYING AND LEVELLING

4. (a) What is a line graph?

(b) List down the main types of line graphs.

(c) Construct a line graph to show the trend of coffee production in Tanzania from 1970 - 1974 as shown in the table below:

5. (a) Define the term sampling as used in field research.

(b) Outline the main types of sampling as used in field research.

(c) What problems are likely to be encountered in field research?

6. (a) What is levelling?

(b) What would you do when preparing a chain survey?

(c) What would you do to overcome obstacles such as a pond in a chain survey?

SECTION C (28 marks)

MAP READING AND PHOTOGRAPHY INTERPRETATION

7. Study the map extract of Tabora sheet 118/2 and answer the following questions:

(a) List down physical and man-made features found in the following grid references:

(i) 885465 (ii) 866475 (iii) 815393

(iv) 796430 (v) 832430

(b) Measure the distance of the railway line from grid reference 740447 to 833360.

(c) List down the main factors that have influenced vegetation distribution in the area.

(d) What are the main functions of Tabora town?

(e) Giving examples, account for the main activities found in the area.

8. Study carefully the photograph provided and answer the following questions:

(a) Explain the traditional methods used for clearing the vegetation as seen in the photograph.

(b) State the type of vegetation found in the area.

(c) What are the impacts over the environment of this activity at the local and national level?

(d) Determine the weather condition at the time the photograph was taken.

SECTION D (20 Marks)

Answer one (1) question from each part.

PART I 

REGIONAL FOCAL STUDIES

9. Explain the factors that influence the exploitation of mineral resources.

10. (a) State the problems of beef cattle production in Tanzania.

(b) In what ways can beef production be improved?

PART II

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT

11. Explain environmental hazards.

12. (a) What are the aims of introducing family planning programmes?

(b) State the main problems facing family planning programmes.