THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

011 CIVICS

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

TIME: 2 Hours 30 Minutes Monday November 01, 2004 p.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C.

2. Answer all questions in sections A and B, then choose three (3) questions from section C.

3. Cellular phones are not allowed in the examination room.

4. Electronic calculators are not allowed in the examination room.

5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (20 marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.

(i) The government of Tanzania has decided to privatise public enterprises in order to

1. improve efficiency and productivity
2. reduce dependence on foreign aid
3. implement IMF and World Bank policies
4. promote the globalisation exercise
5. widen the sources of government revenue.

(ii) Direct democracy is applied in

1. city councils 
2. municipal councils
3. village governments
4. town councils 
5. ward councils

(iii) Which of the following is not among the harmful socio-economic factors influencing women development in Tanzania?

1. Customary laws 
2. Limited education opportunities
3. Foreign influence 
4. Bride price 
5. Poor economic base

(iv) What do you understand by the term antiquities?

1. Marine creatures
2. Museums
3. Anti-development plans
4. Objects of very long time ago
5. Historical sites

(v) The idea of non-alignment movement (NAM) was introduced by

1. Abdiel Gamal Nasser
2. Josip Tito 
3. Jawaharial Nehru
4. Ahmed Surkano 
5. Kwame Nkrumah

(vi) One of the following is not the feature of environmental degradation

1. air pollution
2. water pollution 
3. deforestation 
4. ecosystem protection
5. overgrazing

(vii) The following are the symbols of national sovereignty except

1. national flag 
2. coat of arms 
3. national currency
4. public holidays
5. national constitution.

(viii) Which of the following is the importance of paying taxes timely? 

1. It enables the government to control abuse of power
2. It helps the government to protect national sovereignty
3. It enables the government to provide basic social services to citizens 
4. It helps the government to promote national integrity
5. It enables the government to fight against corruption.

(ix) Civil rights that are not entitled to prisoners in Tanzania include the right to

1. participate in governance
2. live
3. be listened 
4. meet and talk to their relatives
5. get information.

(x) One of the institutions that is responsible for promoting culture in Tanzania is

1.  ILO 
2. CB 
3. UNESCO
4. UNHCR 
5. FAO.

2. Match the responses in List B with the words/phrases in List A by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number.

SECTION B (20 marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. Read carefully the following passage and then answer the questions that follow.

There might have been some justification for the steady increase from year to year in external aid if there was evidence that the battle against poverty was being won. All the evidence however, clearly demonstrates that the poor are getting poorer.

The reason why there is little effect on poverty reduction is that most aid is spent on heavily capitalized infrastructure projects such as railways, bridges and roads. These may have some indirect effect on the lives of poor people, but what people really want is better health and education services, improvement in village roads rather than highways and access to proper credit facilities to help them improve agriculture and raise their income.

Although there are some enlightened donors, most big western governments and UN agencies find these types of projects too small-scale and difficult to measure and administer. They would rather give money for power stations and fertilizer plants, since such things can be seen and their performance can be measured.

They also look impressive in glossy magazines telling the tax payers back home, how the government is spending their money.

QUESTIONS

(a) Suggest a suitable title for this passage.

(b) Why does the author say that the external aid has little effect on poverty?

(c) In what ways could external aid have direct effect to the people?

(d) Why do some donors give money only for large scale projects?

(e) From the passage, why does external aid seem to have no justification?

4. (a) Define development.

(b) List five (5) conditions for development.

SECTION C (60 marks)

Answer three (3) questions from this section

5. Justify the contention that many political parties are a necessary element for a democratic state.

6. Assess the environmental implications of rapidly growing population in a developing country like Tanzania.

7. What economic benefits will Tanzania gain from the current East African Community?

8. Verify the statement that corruption is a social problem in Tanzania.

9. Identify and explain the major sources of national income in Tanzania.

10. Examine the factors responsible for persistent food shortage in many Sub-Saharan African countries.