THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Year: 2003

SECTION A

1. For each item (i) - (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.

(i)An experiment usually tests:

1. application
2. hypothesis
3. method
4. data 
5. evaluation

(ii) Figure 1 shows a palisade cell.

Fig. 1

What structures occur in the regions indicated?

(iii) Which substance in tobacco combines with haemoglobin to prevent the haemoglobin from carrying oxygen?

1. Carbon dioxide
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Nicotine
4. Tar
5. Cellulose fibre

(iv) A plant with variegated leaves was completely destarched by p acing It in a dark cupboard for 48 hours. Black paper was then fixed on one leaf as shown in Figure 2 below and the plant was exposed to the light. After 24 hours which region of the leaf contained starch?

Fig. 2

In which condition must a plant be placed to show that a green plant releases carbon dioxide and why?

(vi) The diagram below (Figure 3) shows a section through an alveolus and through a capillary passing around it.

Fig. 3

How does oxygen move from X to Y? By:

1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Translocation 
4. Active transport
5. Transpiration

(vii) Study the diagram below carefully (Figure 4).  

Fig. 4

What does A represent?

1. Load (hand and forearm)
2. Effort (flexor of muscular upper arm)
3. Fulcrum (elbow joint)
4. Pulley
5. 1^st class lever

(viii) Which of the following substances is not a waste product in man?

1. Faeces 
2. uric acid
3. sweat
4. Carbon dioxide 
5. urea

(ix) Which hormones produced by the pituitary gland promote ovulation?

1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH)
2. Lutenizing hormone (LH) and progesterone
3. Oestrogen and progesterone
4. Progesterone and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
5. Prolactin and progesterone

(x) Which part of the seed grows into the root system of a plant?

1. Cotyledon 
2. mocropyle
3. Plumule 
4. Radical
5. hilum