Water from the roots of flowering plants is transported up to the plant by different forces. Which of the following forces initiates and raises water to the least height? 

1. Root pressure 
2. Transpiration pull
3. Cohesion forces                     
4. Adhesion forces
5. Capillarity

A blood vessel which conveys deoxygenated blood away from the heart is called

1.  capillaries
2.  artery
3.  vein
4.  pulmonary vein
5.  pulmonary artery

What will happen if phloem tissue is destroyed in green plants?

1. Absorption of water in the plant body will stop.
2. Absorption of mineral salts will stop.
3. Transport of water and manufactured food will stop.
4. Transport of manufactured food will stop.
5. Transport of oxygen in the plant body will stop.

A term which best describes a condition of a plant cell that has lost too much water is

1.  haemolysis
2.  turgidity
3.  creanation
4.  plasmolysis
5.  osmosis

Which of the following blood group is a universal donor?

1. B
2. A
3. AB
4. O

The movement of bulk fluid materials along a vessel or tube is termed as:.......

1. transport
2. osmosis
3. mass flow
4. oxidant.

  The blood vessel which carries blood from the lungs to the heart is called:

1. pulmonary artery
2. vena cava
3. pulmonary vein 
4.  renal vein

Which component of the blood is responsible for transporting oxygen?

1. Albumin 
2.  Fibrinogen 
3.  Haemoglobin
4. Thrombocyte

Which of the following mammalian blood vessels contains blood full of oxygen at low pressure?

1. Aorta
2. Pulmonary artery
3. Pulmonary vein
4. Vena cava

The main product of photosynthesis is transported away from the leaves by the:

1. Cambium
2. cortex
3. phloem
4. xylem

Which of the following blood groups is a universal recipient?

1. B
2. AB
3. A
4. O

  The blood vessel which carries blood from the lungs to the heart is called:

1. pulmonary artery
2. vena cava
3. pulmonary vein 
4.  renal vein

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?

1.  Erythrocyte
2.  Platelets
3.  Leucocyte
4.  Plasma
5.  Vein.

Which of the following blood groups is a universal recipient?

1. B
2. AB
3. A
4. O

The disease and disorder of the human circulatory system includes:

A.Arteriosclerosis and heart burn

B.Blood pressure and sickle cell anemia 

C. Blood pressure and oedema 

D. Leukemia and heart burn.

Which process allows absorption of water and mineral salts from the soil in plants?

1. Diffusion 
2. Osmosis 
3. Irritability
4. Mass now 
5. Regulation

A person with blood group O has the following antibodies in his blood plasma:

1. antibody a 
2. antibodies a and b 
3. antibody b 
4. antibody o

Which of the following bests defines allergy?

1.  Body reaction to antigen
2.  Body reaction against a specific drug
3.  Body reaction against a disease­causing micro­organism
4.  Accumulation of mucus caused by inhaling dust particles
5.  Formation of rash caused by eating specific foods

What will happen when a red blood cell is placed in a more concentrated solution?

1. Crenation
2. Turgidity
3. Haemolysis
4. Plasmolysis

Why is transfusion of blood from a donor with group O to a recipient with blood group AB successful?

1. The recipient's blood has no antibodies.
2. The recipient's blood has no antigens.
3. The donor's blood has many antigens.
4. The donor's blood has many antibodies. 
5. The recipient's blood has antigen O.

  The valve separating the left auricle and left ventricle is called

1. biscuspid valve
2. semilunar valve
3. tricuspid valve
4. septum valve

Why is screening of donors' and recipients' blood samples before transfusion important?

1. Ensuring compatibility
2. Preventing bleeding
3. Ensuring incompatibility
4. Enhancing coagulation

8. Ringing in plants involves removal of the bark of tree. This hinders communication between upper and lower parts of plant. In three points, briefly elaborate the impact of ringing on the stem of hibiscus plant.

4. (a) Give the meaning the following terms as used iri Biology:

1. Blood transfusion.

2. Blood compatibility.

(b) (i) State two advantages of blood transfusion.

(ii) Outline four precautions to be taken during blood transfusion.

9. (a) List any two types of blood cells.

(b) Give two differences between arteries and vein. 

Match the descriptions of the parts of heart in List A with their corresponding terminologies in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

While performing surgery on a mammal, two blood vessels were cut by mistake. In one of the vessels blood flow out with high pressure while in the other vessel blood flow out with low pressure.

(a)What are the names of the two blood vessels?

Why one blood vessel had high pressure and the other low pressure? Briefly explain.

With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the internal part of the mammalian heart.

Explain how parts of the mammalian heart are adapted to their function.

6. (a) Explain the functions of the vascular system in plants

(b) State three importance of transportation of materials in living things.

6. (a) Give the meaning of osmosis and diffusion.

(b) Briefly explain how the following illustrates osmosis.

1. Shrinking of a cell when immersed in a high concentrated solution.

2. Bursting of red blood cell when immersed in dilute solution.

6. (a) Outline three factors affecting transpiration.

(b) State three significance of transpiration.

11. Write an essay on transportation in plants using the following guidelines:

1. Meaning of transportation

2. The importance of transpiration

3. The adaptation of features which enable plants to reduce water loss

12. With the aid of a diagram, describe the structure and function of blood tissue.

(vii) Xylem vessels transport water from the roots to the leaves…………..

10. Factors which affect rate of photosynthesis

11. Explain six factors which affect the rate of transpiration in plants.

3.Match the phrase in List A with responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response in List B below the corresponding phrase number of List A in a table provided.

11.     With the aid of a diagram, describe the structure of each of the types of blood cells and give one function for each.

Explain three symptoms of hypertension and describe two measures that may help to prevent hypertension in human being.

Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is not correct.

i) A microscope is an instrument used to observe small objects which cannot be seen by using our naked eyes .........

(ii) Plant cells possess cellulose cell walls while animal cells do not .........

(iii)We can use dry wooden stick to move a victim of electric shock from the source of electric current. .........

(iv)Botanists study both plants and animals .........

(v)It is safe to warm the room by using charcoal when people are sleeping the whole night inside the room .........

(vi) Onions store food in leaves while carrots store food in root tubers ......... 

(vii) Gaseous exchange in fish takes place through spiracles .........

(viii)Materials which can be recycled include aluminium cans and magazines

(ix)All living things are made up of small units known as cells .........

(x)Biology is the study of non-living things .........

(a)Define the following terms:

(i) Diffusion 

(ii) Osmosis

(b) Explain why a red blood cell immersed in a low concentrated solution bursts?

(c) State one function of each of the following blood cells:

(i) Red blood cells (Erythrocytes) 

(ii) Platelets

2. Match each item in List A with a correct response in List B by writing its letter bellow the number of the corresponding item in the table provided.

7. (a) What do you understand by the following terms as used in Biology? (i) Transportation of materials

(ii) Mass flow

(b)Explain what would happen when a plant cell is immersed in hypertonic solution.

(c)State one function of each of the following blood vessels:

(i)Pulmonary vein

(ii)Pulmonary artery

Each of the following statement is either correct or not correct. Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is not correct.

(i)All bacteria are harmful. ........

(ii)A person with blood AB has no antigen ... ... ...

(iii)Breathing into a plastic bag stops hiccups . ............

(iv)Lack of roughage in the diet causes constipation ......... 

(v) People living with HIV/AIDS should be stigmatized ..... 

(vi)Plant cells possess cell membranes .........

(vii)Phloem tissues are responsible for the transport of water in vascular plants . 

(viii)The ileum is the first part of the small intestine .. 

(ix)The largest group in the classification system is phylum .. 

(x)Transpiration helps to remove excess water from plants 

Why is transpiration important to plants? Give three reasons.

(ii)A person with blood AB is a universal donor .........

(iv)Before the blood returns to the heart it has to be oxygenated in the liver

Form Two students entered the biology laboratory and were provided with water, a tea bag, match box, beaker and a Bunsen burner.

(a) Using the materials and apparatuses given, outline four procedures they would follow to demonstrate the process of diffusion.

(b) In two points, briefly explain the importance of the named process in (a) to living organisms.

(x)Valves in veins prevent the backflow of blood . ............

5.(a) What is blood circulation?

(b)Explain three points on the importance of blood circulation in human being.

(c)Mention two disorders of human blood circulatory system.

6.(a) What do you understand by the term "diffusion"?

(a) Define the term "blood transfusion".

(b)      Outline the precautions to be taken during blood transfusion.

(c) Explain why the wall of the left ventricle of the mammalian heart is thicker than the wall of the right ventricle.

Write an essay on transpiration, using the following guidelines:   

• Meaning of transpiration
• External factors affecting the rate of transpiration