PRESIDENT’S OFFICE, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES,

PRE- MOCK BIOLOGY FORM FOUR

Time: 3Hours

Instructions 

1.         This paper consists of sections A, B, and C with a total eleven (11) questions.
2.         Answer all question in the sections A, B and two (2) questions from section C.
3.         Section A carries sixteen (16) marks, section B fifty four (54) marks and section C carries thirty (30) marks.
4.         All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5.         Communication devices and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
6.         Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet (s)

SECTION A.

1.         For each of the following items  (i-x).Choose the correct answer from given alternatives and writer its letter besides the item number in the answer booklet

(i) The main function of the cell wall in a plant cell is to:

A) Control the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
B) Provide structural support and protection.
C) Carry out cellular respiration.
D) Contain the genetic material.
E) Produce proteins.

(ii) Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the heart through the:

A) Aorta.
B) Superior Vena Cava.
C) Pulmonary Artery.
D) Pulmonary Vein.
E) Right Atrium.

(iii) During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down into simpler molecules to produce energy. Which of the following is NOT a product of cellular respiration?

A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water
C) Oxygen
D) ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
E) Heat

(iv) White blood cells are a vital part of the body's immune system. Which type of white blood cell is responsible for the immediate immune response by engulfing pathogens?

A) Red blood cells
B) Plasma
C) Phagocytes
D) Antibodies
E) Lymphocytes

(v) The cerebellum is part of the brain responsible for:

A) Sight
B) Hearing
C) Balance and coordination
D) Memory
E) Voluntary muscle control

(vi) In humans, fertilization typically occurs in the:

A) Ovary
B) Fallopian tube
C) Uterus
D) Vagina
E) Testes

(vii) The primary organ responsible for filtering waste products from the blood is the:

A) Liver
B) Lungs
C) Skin
D) Kidneys
E) Large intestine

(viii) According to Mendelian genetics, the principle of segregation states that:

A) Traits are inherited from both parents.
B) Alleles for a single gene separate during meiosis.
C) Genes on different chromosomes are inherited independently.
D) Acquired traits can be passed on to offspring.
E) Mutations always have negative effects.

(ix) Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating growth and development during childhood and adolescence?

A) Insulin
B) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
C) Estrogen
D) Testosterone
E) Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

(x) A 17-year-old athlete is struggling to recover after intense training sessions. She experiences muscle fatigue and soreness. To promote faster recovery, which of the following lifestyle changes would be MOST beneficial?

A) Reducing her protein intake

B) Getting adequate sleep
C) Drinking plenty of water
D) Skipping meals
E) Limiting strenuous exercise

2. Match the following in list A with the corresponding terminology in list B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number

SECTION B: 54 MARKS

3. Colour blindness is due to a recessive gene linked to the X chromosome.  A man with normal colour vision married a woman with normal colour vision but one of their sons was colour blind.

a) Using letter N to represent the gene for normal colour vision, work out the genotype of the children.                                                                                                                              

b) What is the probability of a child born by this couple being a boy and colour blind?               

c) Explain why colour blindness is more common in males than females in a population. 

4. Two visking tubings X and Y were each half filled with 10ml of sugar solutions of different concentrations. The tubings were then immersed in a beaker containing 15% sugar solution and left for four hours. The results were as shown in the diagrams below.

     At the end of experiment                                                 At the beginning of experiment

a) Name the process being investigated in the experiment

b) Compare the nature of the solution in to that in the beaker.                               

c) (i) Account for the observation in Y.                                                                        

ii) State and explain the observation that would be made if another visking tubing filled with 30% sugar solution is immersed in the same beaker

d) Briefly explain the significance of the physiological process named in (a) above in gaseous exchange in plants.                                                                         

5.(a) Explain why athletes breathe quickly and deeply after a 100 meters sprint.          

b) State two proteins that determine human blood groups.                                    

 (c)(i) What is the role of blood capillary?                                                                  

 (ii) Explain why blood does not clot in undamaged blood vessels

6.(a)(i) List one type of chromosomal aberrations.                                                         (ii) State one advantage of polyploidy in modern farming.                                                      

(b) Explain why stomach wall is lined with mucus                                                             

(c) Outline adaptations of ileum in absorption of food

7.(a) What is homeostasis?                                                                                     

 (b) State two behavioral mechanisms used by snakes to increase their body temperature.              

(c) A patient complained of frequent thirst. A sample of the patient’s urine was found not to have any sugar. 

1. Name the hormone the person was deficient of
2. Name the gland that secretes the above hormone

8. (a) Differentiate between respiration and gaseous exchange

(b) A fish living in a cold, fast-moving river has gills with a large surface area and many blood vessels. Explain how these adaptations help the fish to efficiently extract oxygen from the water for respiration.

9. (a) Show the difference between divergent and convergent evolution

(b) Explain how the evolution of lungs in some fish, like the lungfish, may have been an advantage that allowed them to survive in low-oxygen environments.

10(a) Name three structures used for gaseous exchange in plants

(b) In plants, water and nutrients absorbed from the soil need to be transported to all parts of the plant. How is the structure of the xylem tissue adapted to efficiently transport these materials upwards?

SECTION C: 15 Marks

11. (a) Describe the events that take place from the time a pollen grain lands on the stigma until fertilization.                                                                                            

b) Describe the changes that take place in a flower after fertilization.                               

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES,

MID TERM ONE – MARCH-2024

BIOLOGY FORM FOUR

Time: 3Hours

Instructions 

1.         This paper consists of sections A, B, and C with a total eleven (11) questions.
2.         Answer all question in the sections A, B and two (2) questions from section C.
3.         Section A carries sixteen (16) marks, section B fifty four (54) marks and section C carries thirty (30) marks.
4.         All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5.         Communication devices and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
6.         Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet (s)

SECTION A.

1.         For each of the following items  (i-x).Choose the correct answer from given alternatives and writer its letter besides the item number in the answer booklet

1.   A boy climbed a coconut tree and harvest coconuts. Unfortunately, he falls down and broke his upper arm. Which bone was broken

1. Ulna
2. Humerus
3. Radius
4. Ferrium
5. Tibia

2.    Which control measure would you recommend to a patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?

1. Reduce intake of sugar food
2. Limiting amount of water intake
3. Reduce intake of cholesterol food
4. Eating enough starch and water
5. Consuming a high fat food

3.     The brain has the following function except;

1. It receives impulse from all sensory organs of the body
2. It sends off motor impulse to the gland and muscles
3. It restores information
4. It has an excitation effects on the body
5. It is centre for information processing

4.  A neuron that carries impulse form brain or spinal cord to effector organ where the physical activity take place is

1. Sensory
2. Relay
3. Motor
4. Intermediate
5. Brain

5.    Nerve impulses from the eyes, ears, and tongue are interpreted in the;

1. Cerebellum
2. Optic lobe
3. Medulla oblongata
4. Cerebrum
5. cochlea

6.  Which of the following is not part of urine formation

1. filtration
2. regulation
3. reabsorption
4. secretion
5. none of the above

7.   The following actions regulates temperature in mammalians

1. sweating, shivering, swimming, and urinating
2. shivering , vasodilatation, sweating, and vasoconstriction
3. conduction, radiation, convection, and swimming
4. vasodilatation, swimming, sweating, and location
5. swimming, radiation, constriction and conduction

8.   The following are benefits of breast milk to a baby except

1. it is curative, or it can cure child illness
2. creates emotion bond between child and mother
3. it is free
4. it is at right temperature
5. it provides balanced diet to the child

9.     Which of the following set represent blood directly concerned with combating of diseases;

1. red blood cells and platelets
2. platelets and antibodies
3. phagocytes and lymphocytes
4. white blood cells and red blood cells
5. lymphocytes and plasma

10.    While conducting an experiment in the laboratory at night the light suddenly went off, which of these changes occurred in student’s eyes?

1. The lens became thicker
2. Pupil enlarges
3. Cilliary muscle relaxed
4. The lids closed
5. The eyes opened wide

2.         Match the following in list A with the corresponding terminology in list B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number

SECTION B

(54 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3.         (a) In home garden butterfly and bees were seen flying from one flower to another. This action is said to be important in fertilization of plant

1.     Give the name of process which was facilitated by the action of insects
2.  Explain the two types of process which facilitated in 3 (i) above

   (b) Why is breastfeeding more preferable than bottle feeding? 

4.         (a) Explain why?

1.     The rate of breathing increase during exercise
2.  Is better to breathe through nose than through mouth

            (b) How are respiratory surface adapted to their role? Give five points

5.         Form three students performed an experiment to determine food substance contained in samples G. They took 2cm³ of sample G in a test tube. They added equal volume of Sodium Hydroxide followed by three drops of copper II sulphate solution. A purple coloration was observed.

1.             Which food substance was present in G
2.             state two function of food present in G
3.             name the parts of Alimentary canal in which food G is digested
4.             identify two natural sources of food substance G
5.             giver two disorder of food substance contained in sample G when deficiency in Children

6.         Bread was put in a wet cupboard. A few days black thread like structure which ended up in club like structure appeared on the bread.

1.             Write the common name of an organism that grew on the bread surface
2.             Name the kingdom and phylum in which observed organism belongs
3.             Outline (4) advantages of member of kingdom you have mentioned in (b) above

7.         (a) Name structure for movement in the following  organism

1.     Amoeba
2.  Paramecium
3.   Euglena

           (b) Using five points explain importance of Skeleton

8.         (a)Explain importance of Genetic Engineering to development of country

(b) When a red flower was crossed with a white flower all members of FI generation were pink. When pink flowered plant were selfed, a mixture of red, pink and white flowered rose were obtained. 

1.     Illustrate above crossing using genetic diagram
2.  What types of inheritance was shown by crossing in (b) above? give a reason

SECTION C

30 Marks

9.         (i) Juma was making tea for his father. He accidentally touched a hot pan whole switching off stove. He pushed away a pan and poured all the tea.

1.             What action did he exhibit?
2.             Give the meaning of the action, mention   other two examples of the action.
3.             How useful is such an action to organism.

          (ii)  Briefly explain hearing mechanism in man 

10.    Analyze six features that make the human heart to pump blood efficiently.
11.    One of your brothers has refused to practise family planning and he gets child every year. Convince him Importance of family planning. 

 PRESIDENT’S  OFFICE, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY FORM FOUR

MID-TERM EXAMS – AUGUST – 2023

TIME: 2:30 HRS

INSTRUCTIONS 

SECTION A 

1. For each of the questions (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from alternatives given

1. George has a passion to study bacteria, viruses, Protozoa and other small organisms in future, which branch of Biology is he interested?

1.  Mycology
2. Virology
3.  Microbiology
4.  Monera
5. Virology

2. Identify the number of chromosomes in a dog reproductive cell obtained by form IV students after allowing cells to undergo meiosis process

1.  78 before meiosis, 29 after meiosis
2. 39 before meiosis 49 after meiosis
3.  78 before meiosis 79 after meiosis
4.  76 before meiosis 39 after meiosis
5. 76 before meiosis 152 after meiosis

3. Which part of human alimentary canal performs the same function as gizzard in chicken

1.  The appendix
2. The ileum
3.  The gall bladder
4.  Stomach
5. Salivary glands

4. Which cell structure below is sight for production of energy in plants

1.  Ribosome’s
2. Mitochondria
3.  Chloroplast
4.  Nucleus
5. Vacuole

5. Moses was operated and Part of his reproductive system removed. He could not produce sperms. Which part was removed

1.  Sperm duct
2. Epididymis
3.  Scrotum
4.  Somniferous Tubular
5. Vas deferens

6. The part of mammalian eye that controls shape and curvature of lens is?

1.  Iris
2. Ciliary
3.  Conjunctiva
4.  Suspensory ligament
5. Pupil

7. Identify actions which regulate temperature in mammals

1.  Sweating, shivering, swimming, urinating
2. Shivering , vasodilatation, sweating, vasoconstriction
3.  Conduction, radiation, convection, swimming
4.  Vasodilation, swimming, sweating and Bathing
5. Swimming, conduction, convection and radiation

8. The part of microscope that is responsible for viewing finer details in a specimen is

1.  Condenser
2. Diaphragm
3.  Fine adjustment knob
4.  Objective lens
5. Course adjustment knob

9. If a plants cell is placed in hypotonic solution, it experience a biological condition called;

1.  Haemolysis
2. Turgidity
3.  Crenation
4.  Plasmolysis
5. Turgor pressure

10. Form four students were presented with two cells. Cell A(plant cell) and cell B(animal cell). Which feature can be used to differentiate cell A from cell B?

1.  Presence of mitochondrion
2. Presence of vacuole
3.  Presence of cell wall
4.  Presence of cell membrane
5. Presence of cytoplasm.

2. Match part of female reproductive system in List B with its function in List A and write the correct answer on spaces provided.

SECTION B (54 Marks)

Answer all questions 

3. Figure below shows a plant root study the diagram and answer questions that follow.

(a)

1. Name group of plant represented by diagram in figure 1.
2. Give any two examples of plants which can be found in group of plants mentioned in (a) above
3. Name the Organism which inhabit the swelling of the roots
4. What is the name of the relationship existing between the plant and the organism mentioned in (a)(i) above

(b)Name the bacterium which does the Nitrogen fixation cycle

(c)Suppose your biology teacher organizes a study tour to Manyara National Park During your visit, You observe the following Organism, vulture antelope, shrubs, cheater, and wildebeest. As a form four student draw a diagram that represents the food web and two food chains from these organisms.

4. A bread was left on a cupboard, after 3 days white things were seen with club like structures at the top. As a student

1. Identify the organism immersed on the bread
2. Name the kingdom and phylum of the Organisms.

(b)Mention any three (3) distinctive features of the kingdom to which mushroom belong 

5. (a)Explain in one sentence why the following feature occur to these organisms

1. Streamlined body of birds
2. Ciliated trachea of human
3. Needle-like leaves of plants found in desert
4. Coiled and elongated ileum in humans

(b)An engineer needs to approve a building to be used as biology laboratory

1. What is biology laboratory
2. List 4 (four) qualities which he/she must consider in order for that building to be considered as good biology laboratory

6. (a)Give the hormone responsible for each of the following biological processes

1. Development of male sexual characteristics
2. Development of female sexual characteristic
3.  prepares the body for fight or flight response
4. Raised blood sugar level
5. Initiate labour pain

(b)Nervous coordination differs from hormonal coordination. Explain in four (4) points 

7. After nine months of pregnancy Ummu Ayman gave birth to male babies who looked alike in almost all aspect and Umma Atwiya gave birth to a boy and girl who did not resemble too much.

1. What name is given to this type of pregnancy
2. What are the causes of this type of pregnancy
3. In which ways do the ways do the Ummu Ayman kids different from Alwiya’s kids?

8. (a)The diagram below illustrates a specialized cell obtained from a certain tissue

1. Name the cell
2. State two ways in which the cell is structurally adapted to its function

(b) State the role of each of the following in the mammalian respiratory system

1. Mucus
2. Cartilage rings
3. Epiglottis

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Answer only two questions 

9. Six year old boy was diagnosed with a tropical protozoan disease that is characterized by high fever frontal headache, joint pain and loss of appetite

Write an essay about the disease the boy is suffering from showing 

1. Causes transmission mode
2. Effects
3. Prevention (any 4 points)

10. (a)A female human being was found to have an extra sex chromosome in her cells

1. Give the total number of chromosomes in the female individual cells
2. Explain the possible cause of this condition
3. State physical characteristics observed in the female individual with such a condition

(b)Explain why fossil records as evidence of organic evolution are usually incomplete

(c)Name the evidence of similar amino acid molecules in a range of Organisms

11. Explain the various ways in which seeds and fruits are adapted to dispersal

PRESIDENT OFFICE REGIONAL ADMNISTRATION

AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES 

COMPETENCE BASED ASSEMENT

BIOLOGY FORM FOUR 

TERMINAL EXAMS MAY – 2023 

033/1

BIOLOGY 1

TIME: 3HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of eleven (11) questions
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and two questions from section C
3. Section A carries 16marks, section B carries 54 marks, and section C carries 30 ,arks
4. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for a diagram that must be drawn with pencil.
5. Remember to write your examination number in every page of your answer booklet

SECTION A (16 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items choose the correct answer from among of the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.

1. Viruses are considered to be non-living because

1. They are only active in the contents of a living cell
2. They are single cell eukaryotic organisms
3. They have true nuclei
4. The body is covered by a cell wall

2. If the magnifying power of the eyepiece lens of the compound microscope X10 and that of the high power objective lens is X40, what is the magnification of a specimen under observation?

1. X10
2. X5000
3. X400
4. X50

3. Into which of the following acids is glucose broken down in the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism

1. Pyruvic
2. Lactic acid
3. Hydrochloric acid
4. Citric acid

4. In mammals, the primary function of Loop of Henry is

1. Reabsorption of water
2. Water section
3. Ammonia secretion
4. Urea Secretion

5. Of the following three substances, which provide the least source of energy for the body

1. Carbohydrate
2. Fats
3. Proteins
4. Monosaccharides

6. Liverworts and Mosses are characterized by their lack of vascular conducting tissue. These two groups of plants, liverwort and mosses, are known by which of the following terms

1. Thallophytes
2. Gymnosperms
3. Bryophytes
4. None of the above

7. Which of the following laws best describe the statement? The members of an homologous pair of genes are separated during meiosis of reproductive cells so that each gamete contains one of the alleles

1. Law of segregation
2. Law of independent assortment
3. Law of filial generation
4. Law of sorting

8. Which of the following organ of the body produces insulin?

1. Liver
2. Stomach
3. Pancreas
4. Small intestine

9. The ovary of a flowering plant can develop into a

1. Spore
2. Fruit
3. Cone
4. Seed

10. In general valves in the circulatory system:

1. Permit blood to circulate rapidly
2. Prevent blood from moving to rapidly
3. Prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction
4. Stop the circulation whenever necessary

2. Match the descriptions choose in List A with their corresponding terminologies in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.

SECTION B (54 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a)Every secretion in the body has its own purposes, noses secrete mucus, a mouth secretes saliva and eyes remove tears. What do you think be a reason for

1. Noses to secrete mucus
2. Eyes to produce tears
3. A mouth to secrete saliva

(b)Explain three points why we are advised to boil the drinking water?

(c)Contrast between monocotyledonae and dicotyledonae in 3 points.

4. (a)Animals and plants have different behavior that must pass through out their life process, as a form four student briefly explain all the behaviors or process that take place take in the bodies of living things

(b)Explain by giving two reasons why we are advised to use gloves when administering First Aid to a victim or a person who are HIV positive

5. What should you do in the following situation according to the laboratory rules?

1. While boiling water, you realize that you need to get a book from a classroom
2. The apparatus are dirty and you need to perform an experiment
3. You have finished doing biology experiment for a day. Give three things that you will do

6. (a)Most of the people living in Simiyu villages dispose their waste randomly without taking any precaution

1. State three effects of their habit to their health
2. Briefly explain two ways on how you would advise them on proper ways of disposing their wastes

(b)Explain the meaning of the following ecological terms

1. Food chain
2. Food webs

(c)Angiosperms are most diverse and successful group of all plants. Give two reasons

7. You have been provided the following list of organism herbs, lizards, frog, grasshopper, and snake.

Construct

(a)Food chain for provided organisms

(b) From (a) above

1. Identify the organisms which are producers
2. Which are primary consumers
3. Which one are the secondary consumers
4. Give the name of the missing group of organism in the ecosystem

8. (a)What is the meaning of the terms

1. Digestion
2. Malnutrition
3. Balanced diet
4. Nutritional disorder
5. A variable seed

(b)Outline four examples of nutritional deficiency disorders in human being.

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

Answer two questions from this section

9. Explain five conditions necessary for seed germination and state two important of seed germination
10. Why a placenta is formed immediately soon after fertilization.

Explain five points

11. (a)Explain how hearing is brought about in a body of an organism

(b)Draw a well labeled diagram of a mammalian Ear and label its parts.

PRESIDENT OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES 

COMPETENCE BASED ASSESSMENT

033/1 BIOLOGY FORM FOUR

NEW EXAM FORMAT-2023 

MID-TERM EXAMS MARCH – 2023 

Time: 3:00 Hours

Instruction

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of Eleven (11) questions.
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and one (1) question from section C
3. Except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil, all writing should be in blue or black ink.
4. Calculators, cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A( 16 Marks)

1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

1. The regions a most active growth in plants are found manly in the

1. Axillary buds and flowers
2. Stems and leaves
3. Stems and roots hairs
4. Leaves and flowers
5. Stems and root apices

2. Which one is a feature of aging in human beings

1. Shorter reaction time
2. Strong muscles
3. Body increase in size
4. Wrinkling of the skin

3. Which part of seed grows to the root system of a plant

1. Cotyledon
2. Micropyle
3. Plumule
4. Radical
5. Hilum

4. Tongue Rollers in genetics is an example of

1. Gametogenesis
2. Continuous variation
3. Swallowing
4. Lubricating food
5. Discontinuous variation

5. The off spring produced by mating the F₁ generation is known as

1. F₃ generation
2. F₁ products
3. F₂ generation
4. New generation
5. Genetic generation

6. If a parent cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in the daughter cells formed after meiosis?

1. Six (6)
2. Eighteen (18)
3. Twelve (12)
4. Twenty (20)
5. Thirty – six (36)

7. The following are characteristic of prokaryotes except

1. Have nuclear materials
2. They are microscopic
3. Have nuclear membrane
4. Have cell wall
5. They are single called organism

8. Which of the following are end products digestions when lipids are digested completely?

1. Glucose and Fructose
2. Fatly acid and fructose
3. Amino Acids and fructose
4. Glucose and glycerol
5. Fatty acids and glycerol

9. The following balanced habitat contains grasses wildebeests, Lions and bacteria. What would happen if lions were removed?

1. The number of bacteria would remains the same
2. The number of wildebeest would decrease
3. The amount of grass would increase
4. The number of wildebeest would increase
5. The number of wildebeest would increase

10. Which respiratory surface is used for gaseous exchange in tadpoles

1. Spiracles
2. Gils
3. Lungs
4. Skin
5. Book-Lung

2. Match the description terms used in genetics in List B with their corresponding terminologies in List A by writing the letter of correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet

SECTION B (54 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a)Well-built laboratory is necessary requirement for safety while working outline four features of well-built laboratory.

(b)Mary is in puberty stage, advice her on ways of maintaining hygiene to stay health during this stage.

4. (a)Briefly explain How fertilization occur in flowering plants

(b)How does the body of a mammal regulate temperature during hot weather?

5. (a)By tabulating your answer below, differentiate aerobic and anaerobic respiration

(b)How is Mammalian eye adapted to its functions?

6. (a)Differentiate between meiosis and mitosis

(b) Give importance of meiosis in living organism

7. (a)Describe four evidences of organic evolution

(b)Name three types of muscles found in Mammals

(c)Briefly explain how muscles are adapted to their role. Give three points

8. (a) Briefly explain importance of four excretory products of plants

(b) Explain why plants do not need elaborate transport system

SECTION C (30 marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section.

9. Drug abuse is a serious problem among the youth. Describe Cow Youth can avoid drug abuse.

10. Describe the mechanism of hearing in human being

11. Describe the importance of genetic engineering

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCY BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

                                                     BIOLOGY   FORM   FOUR

TIME: 3 HOURS                                                                      NOVEMBER 2022

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This  paper consist of sections A, B and C, with total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which question 13 is compulsory.
3. All drawing must be in pencil.
4. Cellular phone and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in examination room.
5. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheets.

SECTION A: (15 MARKS)

Answer ALL questions in this section

1. For each of the item (i) — (x), choose the most correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided 

(i) Which one is the feature of ageing in human beings? 

A.    Strong bones         

B.    Strong muscles     

C.    Wrinkling of the skin

D.    Body increase in size

E.     Shorter reaction times

(ii)  The next step after experimentation in scientific study is

A.    Conclusion 

B.    Interpretation    recording

C.    Formulation of hypothesis

D.    Observation and data 

 E. Problem identification

(iii)  A biology teacher displayed an organism Q for form four students to observe, and the organism had the following features; one pair of antennae, two pair of wings, compound eyes and three body parts as well as three pairs of jointed legs. The organism Q belongs to class

A.    Insect   

B. Reptile  

C. Insecta

D. Amphibian

E. Arthropoda

(iv) An instrument which is used to estimate population of organisms at a particular place is

A.    Quadrant    

B.    Mounting needle 

C.    Mirror

D. Sweep net

E. Hand lens

(v)  A patient has been diagnosed with high level of blood sugar. Which hormone would you recommend to regulate the victim's sugar?

A.    Glucagon    

B.    Insulin  

C.     Aldosterone 

D.     Testosterone  

E.      Antidiuretic    

(vi)     What is the main product of anaerobic respiration in plants?

A.    Uric acid    

B.     Lactic acid 

C.     Water

D.     Alcohol

E.     Pyruvic acid

(vii)   In which environmental condition the loss of water vapour from plants is mostly favourable?

A.    Hot and windy day          

B.     A saturated atmosphere 

C.     Cool and dry atmosphere

D.    Windy day

E.       Hot day

(viii)        The end products of fat/ lipids after digestion are

A.    Amino acids          

B.     Fatty acids and glycerol  

C.     Peptides

D.     Glucose

E.      Amino acids and peptides

(ix)     A jelly — like mixture consisting mostly water, dissolved chemical substances and is a site for many chemical reactions in the cell

A.    Cell vacuole           

B.     Cell nucleus           

C.     Chloroplast

D.    Cytoplasm

E.     Mitochondria

(x)       The interaction between two species in which both organisms benefit is known as

A.    Ectoparasite          

B.     Parasitism 

C.     Commensalism 

D.      Mutualism

 E.      Endoparasite

2.  Match the item of diseases in list A with their corresponding terminologies in list B by writing its letter beside the item number

SECTION B: (60 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

3.  Kinondoni Municipal Council is facing a problem of over production of waste. As a form four student explain how can you advice the Municipal council to overcome the problem

4.  (a) Normally observation is done by using sense organs. How could you observe if a coconut is

(i)      Round

(ii)    Rough

(iii)     Sweet

(iv)      Smells nice

(v)    Containing water inside

(b) Why the nose cannot be used for hearing?

5.  In his tour Mr. Songambele saw a zebra eating grasses, later on he saw a lion chasing a zebra

(a) (i) Identify the feeding relationship

(ii) State the meaning of feeding relationship mentioned in 5 (a) (i) above (b) Construct sensible food web from the given organisms:

(Grass, shrubs, zebra, antelope, giraffe, hyena, lion and bacteria)

6.  If you visit any National park in Tanzania you can see many wild animals related to domestic animals such as Buffalo related to cow, wild dogs related to our dogs at home and leopard related a cat, someone can suggest blat they may be originated from tie same ancestors

(a)    Name the evidence frat have been used to give that suggestion

(b)    Name other three (3) evidences of organic evolution

7.  In animals, not every mating leads to fertilization. Give four factors in males which account for this problem

8.  (a) One of the reasons as to why group living things is to make easy the study of them. Give other three (3) reasons

(b) Explain why viruses are considered as both living and non - living things

9.  (a) Give reason(s) why

(i)   Camels can stay longer without drinking water

(ii)It is healthier to breathe through your nose instead of our mouth

(b)Identify the components of glomerulus filtrate (any four)

10.Despite the fact that HIV can be transmitted through many ways, most of members of the society think that anyone with HIV/AIDS is adulterous. As a member of TACAIDS, how could you educate those members of a particular society. (Any three points)

11.(a) Differentiate between

(i)     Codominance and incomplete dominance

(ii)   Continuous and discontinuous variation

(iii)Phenotype and genotype

(b)The knowledge of genetics is very applicable in agricultural activities. Explain

12.In an experiment, three cylinders (5cm) were cut from a fresh potato. The cylinders were then placed in different sugar solutions as shown in the diagrams below; After four hours the potato cylinders were removed and measured

 (a)With a reason, suggest the form (method) of transport that is taking place in this experiment

(b)  Which potato cylinder would you expect to be the shortest after four hours?

(c)The potato cylinder in test tube A remain unchanged in length after four hours? Explain why this happened

SECTION C: (25 MARKS)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory

13.Most of Tanzanian societies in rural areas where there is not electricity face the problem of food spoilage because they do not have the knowledge of preventing their food from going bad. As a form four student explain how will you advice them to solve that problem. (Any six (6) points)

14.The body of human being is made up of framework of interconnected bones and cartilage which plays crucial role to the body. Justify the statement (four (4) points)

15.Youth in Tanzania engage themselves in risky situation, behaviours and practices that may put diem in high chance of getting STIs, STDs and HIV/AIDS. With vivid examples from the society explain how will they able to move out from the problem. (Any four (4) points)

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCY BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY

FORM FOUR- SEPT 2022

BIOLOGY 01

CODE 033/1

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer ALL questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which question thirteen (13) is compulsory with 15 Marks.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B carries(60) Marks and section C carries(25) Marks
4. All writings should be in blue or black pen except for diagrams that should be drawn in pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are NOT allowed in the examination room.
6. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheet.

SECTION A: (15 MARKS)

1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in he answers booklet provided.

1.    The taxonomy category  of organisms belonging to the same class but not the same family is___________
   1. Kingdom      
   2.  order
   3.  phylum   
   4.  genus     
   5. Specie
2.    A joint which allows movement in one direction is called:
   1. Gliding joint
   2. Ligament
   3. Pivot joint
   4. Ball and socket joint
   5. Hinge joint
3.    Apart that anchor the mushroom and also enable it to absorb nutrients:
   1. Hyphae
   2. Pileus
   3.  Gills
   4. Stalk
   5. Body parts 
4.    Bacteria in the caecum of ruminants digest cellulose. This is an example of______
   1. Mutualism
   2. Saprophytism
   3. Parasitism
   4. Commensalism
   5. A and D above are correct
5.    Which substance in tobacco combine with hemoglobin to prevent hemoglobin from carrying oxygen.
   1. Tannins
   2. Cannabis
   3. Nicotine
   4. Carbon monoxide
   5. Carbon dioxide
6.    Enzymes that hydrolyze starch to maltose
   1. Rennin
   2. Amylase
   3. Peptidase
   4. Sucrose
   5. lipase
7.    Which part of the seed grows into a root system of a plant
   1. Micropyle
   2. Plumule
   3. Radical
   4. Hilum
   5. Cotyledon
8.    A term which best describes a condition of a plant that lost too much water is
   1. Crenation
   2. Plasmolysis
   3. Hemolysis
   4. Osmosis
   5. Turgidity
9.    Why is it advised to build an incinerator in every hospital and health centers?
   1. For disposing gaseous waste
   2. For collection of waste
   3. For disposing liquid waste
   4. For burning hazardous waste
   5. For storage of waste
10.    HIV and AIDS has spread all over the world. This implies that it is
    1. Transmittable
    2. Pandemic
    3. Endemic
    4. Sporadic
    5. Epidemic

2. Match the response in LIST B with the phrase in LIST A by writing the letter of the correct response besides the item number of LIST A in your answer sheet.

SECTION B: (60 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a) (i) Name three types of muscles found in mammals

    (ii) Which of the muscle named in a (i) is a voluntary muscle?

(b)  Yesterday in the evening Hanna’s muscles became hard, knotted and she experienced a lot of pains. What do you think was a cause and give solutions?

4.  (a) With examples differentiate between pandemic and epidemic diseases.

       (b) How can the body immunity be affected?

5. (a)Explain effectively why pituitary gland is said to be the master gland?

(b)How does the endocrine system differ from the exocrine system? Give vivid explanation

        (c)  What will happen if:

1. Semi-circular canal is damaged
2. Under-secretion of thyroxin hormone at age of 3 years.

6. (a) (i) briefly explain why do biologists prefer to use light microscopes in the laboratory rather than using normal eyes.

(ii) State three (03) factors that determine the volume, color, odor, of urine and frequency 
of urination.

(b)The effect of constructing a laboratory aims at rising students’ performance in science subjects:

1. Define biology laboratory
2. Name four specimen expected to be found in the laboratory.

7. Study the figure below that illustrates a feeding relationship in an ecosystem. The arrow means “eaten by” then answer the questions below

1. i. What is the name given to the feeding relation in the figure above?

ii. Which important group of organisms should be included in the diagram to make the ecosystem balanced?

iii. Of what importance is the missing group named in a (ii) above to the feeding relationship?

2.                       Giving reasons identify one organism in the figure which is

1. First trophic level
2. Prey and Predator
3. A secondary consumer

8. (a)  What do you understand by the following terms
   3. Evolution
   4. Vestigial organs with examples

2. State any three (03) theories which explain the origin of life.

9. The diagram below shows the development of follicles at different stages inside the ovary

1. Name the structure labeled A, B and C.
2. (i) What kind of hormone is secreted by the structure labeled A

(ii) What roles the hormone produced in A play in human reproduction

(iii) State the biological term used to describe the release of the structure labelled C in the funnel of oviduct.

(iv) In which specific organ does this process take place?

10.       (a)Mr. Lesema is homozygous tall; he married a female who is homozygous dwarf, if     the gene for tallness was dominant over dwarfness.  Use Mendelian crosses to determine the phenotypic ratio in the first filial generation.

             (b)Give the meaning of the following terms

                    i.      Somatic cells

                   ii.       Continuous variation

                  iii.       Turner syndrome 

11. (a)Define the term osmoregulation.

(b)Briefly explain the mechanism of regulating sugar level in the blood.

12. (a) i. What are three adaptations of White blood cells for their function?

   ii. What cause and how agglutination occurs?

(b) Analyze any three adaptations of the muscles found on the Heart

SECTION C: (25 Marks)

Answer two (02) question in this section number 13 is compulsory

13. Explain four advantages and three disadvantages of blood transfusion then provide at least two precautions to taken during blood transfusion.(15 marks)

14. Explain how mammals regulate their internal body temperature in response to external environment changes (10 Marks).

15. Evaluate any four birth control methods (10 Marks)

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA ,PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM FOUR PRACTICAL EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY 2C (ACTUAL PRACTICAL)

CODE 033/2C

TIME: 2:30HRS

24 HOURS ADVANCE INSTRUCTIONS

1. Important:
   1. Great care must be taken not to divulge these instructions to both candidates and unauthorized person, either directly or indirectly
   2. Make sure that, the candidates are provided with the specimens, chemicals and apparatus indicated in these advance instructions only and not otherwise
   3. Please, do not open the envelope containing the question papers, 24 hours before the time of commencement of the examination

1. PREPARATION OF SOLUTION

Provide the following requirements for the preparations of solution

1. Tomato fruit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K (01 per candidate)

2. SPECIMEN(s)

P - Monocot leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 per 3 candidates

Q - Dicot leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 per 3 candidates

R – Earthworm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 per 3 candidates

3. TABLE REAGENTS

1. Iodine solution
2. Sodium hydroxide solution
3. Copper II sulphate solution (1%)
4. Sudan III solution
5. Benedict’s solution
6. Dilute HCL solution

4. APPARATI

1. Knife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . (01 per candidate)
2. Sieve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . (01 per candidate)
3. Beaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . . .. . . ..(03 per candidate)
4. Test tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . . (05 per candidate)
5. Test tube rack . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .(01 per candidate)
6. Test tube holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . (01 per candidate)
7. Source of heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . (01 per candidate)
8. Test tube brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (01 per candidate)
9. Mortar and pestle . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . (01 per candidate)

5. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

1. Source of heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . (1 per 3 candidates)
2. Distilled/rain water . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. (15m³ per candidate)

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM IV PRACTICAL EXAMINATION

033/2C BIOLOGY 2C

(ACTUAL PRACTICAL)

TIME: 2:30HRS

Instructions

1. This paper consists of two (2) questions, answer all the questions
2. Each questions carries 25 marks
3. Write your examination number on every page of your answer booklet(s)
4. All writings should be in blue or black ink, diagrams must be drawn in pencil
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.

1. You have been provided with specimen K, test tubes, a beaker, test tube rack, test tube holder and the table reagents.

Consider the following procedures

1. Cut the specimen K, in a transversal section
2. Squeeze the two halves to obtain a solution
3. Add 15cm³ of distilled/rainwater
4. Filter the mixture by using a sieve to obtain a clear solution, Call it solution K

Questions

1. Carry out food test procedures, then identify the food substances present in the solution K.

Tabulate your answers as follows

2. Name the food substances identified in part (1a) above
3. Give functions of the identified food substances to the human body
4. Name the food substances which are missing in the solution K, that need to be added in order to obtain a balanced diet.
5. Name the digestive enzymes and the part in alimentary canal where the identified food substances are digested.

2. You have been provided with the specimens P, Q and R. study these specimens carefully then answer the questions that follow.

1. Identify specimen P, Q and R by their common names
2. (i) Classify specimen P, Q and R to the class level

(ii) Give three differences between specimen P and Q.

3. (i) Draw well labeled large diagram of specimen Q

(ii) Identify two adaptations of specimen Q to its function.

(iii) Name three processes that take place in both specimens P and Q in the plants.

4. State four economic importance of specimen R to farmers

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCY BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY

FORM FOUR-2022

BIOLOGY 01

CODE 033/1

TIME: 3:00 HOURS JULY 2022

INSTRUCTIONS.

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all the questions in sections A and Btwo(2) questions from section C of which questions number 13is compulsory.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15)Marks, Section B sixty (60) Marks and Section C carries twenty five (25) marks.
4. All writings should be in Blue or Black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any authorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
6. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheets(s).

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.

1. If you are asked to prepare a first aid kit with its components which of the following will not be included

1. Sterilized cotton wool
2. Pair of scissors
3. Medicine to cure diseases
4. Safety pins
5. Bandage

2. The Biology laboratory technician wanted to keep preserved specimens, which among the following apparatuses he will use?

1. Fish net
2. Specimen bottle
3. Beaker
4. Watching glass
5. Pooter

3. In some bacteria anaerobic respiration produces a chemical known as lactic acid as in animals the same process in plants produces a chemical called;

1. Glucose
2. Carbondioxide
3. Oxygen
4. Alcohol
5. Water

4. Which of the followings are the basic common features found in both plant and animal cells?

1. Cytoplasm, Nucleus and cell membrane
2. Cell membrane, mitochondrion, chloroplasts
3. Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall
4. Vacuole, nucleus, centrioles
5. Cytoplasm, nucleus, middle lamella

5. Lameck was found having the following symptoms weak bones, particularly in legs, Poor teeth formation, Bow-legged and knock – knees and Enlarged wrists, knees and ankles. These are symptoms of lacking;

1. Vitamin K
2. Vitamin B1
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin A
5. Vitamin D

6. What happens when a person moves from a dim lighted room to a bright lighted room

1. Pupil becomes small
2. Pupil becomes large
3. Circular muscles contract
4. Radial muscles relax
5. Radial and circular muscles relax

7. Mitosis process involves several stages to complete nucleus cell division. In which among the following stages a cell pinches in the middle to form two identical daughters?

1. Metaphase
2. Telophase
3. Cytokinesis
4. Prophase
5. Anaphase

8. The following organisms belongs to Kingdom Fungi

1. Mucor, Mushroom, Yeast
2. Moss, Mucor, Yeast
3. Euglena, Mushroom, Mucor
4. Liverworts, Mushroom, Mucor
5. Amoeba, Mucor, Mushroom

9. Which of the following structures of organisms are homologous?

1. Wings of birds and wings of grasshopper
2. Forelimbs of man and wings of grasshopper
3. Wings of houseflies and wings of bat
4. Wings of bees and forelimbs of man
5. Forelimbs of man and wings of bat

10. What will happen if xylem tissues is destroyed in green plants?

1. Absorption of water in the plant body will stop
2. Absorption of mineral salts will stop
3. Transport of water and manufactures food will stop
4. Transport of manufactured food will stoop
5. Transport to oxygen in the plant body will stop

2. Match the meanings of the terms used in genetics in LIST A with their corresponding terminologies in LIST B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer sheet provided.

SECTION B: (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3. State the significance of each the following Biology laboratory features

1. Large windows
2. Gas supply
3. Water supply
4. Storage room

4. (a) Briefly explain the importance of the excretory products of plants to human being. Give three points;

(b) What will happen if the following parts of urinary system get blockage

(i) Urinary bladder

(ii) Ureters

5. “Water and salt are needed in constant – optimal amount for effective and proper function of the body”

1. Explain three factors which affect the contents of water and salts in human body
2. Mention the two hormones which are responsible for regulating the amount of water and salts in the body.

6. The Saweni School garden comprises of the grasses, hibiscus trees, natural water fountain, butterflies, lizards, grasshoppers, fertile soil, snakes, highly oxygenated atmosphere, centipedes, scorpions, and eagles.

1. Mention three biotic components and three abiotic components present in the garden
2. Construct a food web of the Saweni’s school garden ecosystem
3. Is the Saweni’s school garden ecosystem complete (stable) or not stable? Support your answer.

7. “People are debating is our societies whether organic evolution has taken place or not” As a biologists, briefly explain the evidences that you know to let them understand that organic evolution has taken place (give four points).

8. Differentiate shark fish from Tilapia fish under the following guidelines

1. Nature of their skeletons
2. Types of their scales
3. Position of their mouths
4. Structure of their tails fins

9. During cooking, a cook unfortunately touched a hot burning charcoal. He pulled his hand abruptly.

1. What is the name of that response
2. What is the name given to the pathway

Which describes the response in 9(a) above?

3. Give two significances of the response mention in 9(a) above

10. Comment on the statement “Transpiration is an necessary ‘evil’

11. How can the following risky behaviours or practices contribute to HIV infection?

1. Sharing razor blades
2. Having immoral friends
3. Drinking alcohol

12. (a) A flower was found to have the following characteristics, incospicious petals, long feathery stigma and small light pollen grains then:

1. What is the likely agent of pollination of the flower?
2. What is significance of long feathery stigma in the flower

(b) Explain two (2) significance of meiosis in relation to sexual reproduction

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section

Question 13 is compulsory

13. “A child complains to her mother that she has a headache and pain in joints, she also feel uneasy, vomits, and has abdominal pain. Her mother realizes that the child also has a fever. She takes her to hospital.

Which disease do you think the child is suffering from? Give the cause and mode of transmission of the disease and suggest four preventive measures

14. Why photosynthesis is a vital process for all living organisms? Give four points

15. Humans like all organisms reach a stage whereby the smooth functioning of the cell in the body decline and tend show low immunity, less body performance or efficiency, hormones production decrease and less ability to respond different stresses. By giving four points explain the factors that led to the above human body deterioration.

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCE BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY 1 TERMINAL EXAMINATION

FORM FOUR-2022

Time: 3Hours

INSTRUCTIONS.

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all the questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which question number 13 is compulsory.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, section B sixty (60) marks and section C carries twenty five (25) marks.
4. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

 SECTION A (15 Marks)

 Answer All questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)-(x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) Green plants are known producers because they:

1.    Produce Chlorophyll in Chloroplasts.
2.    Produce green leaves.
3.    Contain fruits and seeds
4.    Grow in fertile soil
5.     Make food from simple substances.

(ii) Which of the following tissue is meristemic?

1.    Connified layer of the skin.
2.    Collenchyma
3.    Cambium.
4.    Sclerenchyma
5.     Xylem.

(iii) Diabetes mellitus is associated with 

1.    Too much insulin in blood
2.    Too much glucose in the lymph
3.    High glycogen level in blood
4.    Under secretion of insulin in blood
5.     Too little glucagon in the blood.

(iv) Which of the following is a non – living part of a cell

1.    Cell wall and nucleus
2.    Cell wall and vacuoles
3.    Cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum.
4.    Cytoplasm and vacuole.
5.     Cell wall and ribosome.

(v) Which substance in tobacco combines with haemoglobin to prevent the haemoglobin from carring Oxygen?

1.    Carbon dioxide
2.    Carbon monoxide
3.    Nicotine
4.    Tar.
5.     Cellulose fibre.

(vi) Which part of a seed grows into root system of plant?

1.    Cotyledon
2.    Micropyle
3.    Plumule
4.    Radical
5.     Hilum.

(vii) Which of the following statement is true about eukaryotic cells?

1.    Lack important organelle, like smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
2.    Are found in plants only
3.    Nuclear material are enclosed within a membrane.
4.    They are found only in animals
5.     They contain only little water.

(viii) The reason why we experience increased breathing during race is that, it supplies extra;

1.    Energy required by active muscles.
2.    Oxygen required by active muscles.
3.    Heat required by active muscles.
4.    Enzymes required by active muscles for respiration.
5.     Work required by the muscles for faster running.

(ix) The best way to prevent viral infection is by:

1.    Biological control
2.    Avoid contact with infected person
3.    Killing all viruses
4.    Vaccination
5.     Medical treatment.

(x) The body can move one of the following vitamins by itself.

1.    Vitamin A.
2.    Vitamin B.
3.    Vitamin K.
4.    Vitamin D.
5.     Vitamin E.

2. Matching items questions.

SECTION B (60 Marks) 
Answer all questions in this section.

3. The diagram below shows gynoecium of a plant. 

1.   Name structure labeled A to H.
2.   State function of B and H
3. (i) What is the significance of production of a lot of pollen in wind pollinated flowers?

              (ii) Production of shaky pollen grains in insect pollinated flowers 

4. (a) Distinguish between a seed and a fruit.

    (b) State three causes of seed dormancy

    (c) Mention ways we can use to break seed dormancy.

5. Haemophilia is a disease characterized by the inability of blood to clot rapidly after a simple injury. A normal man married a carrier woman for the haemophilia gene.

 (a) Using a simple genetic cross work out haemophilic condition of their children.

 (b) What is the probability that one of the daughters will be a carrier?

 (c) Under what genetic condition would any of the girls be haemophilic? Explain your answer.

6. (a) Briefly, discuss the following theories of origin of life 

 (i) Special creation

 (ii) Chemical evolution theory

     (b) Stat demerits of Lamarck’s Theory.

7. (a) Name the part of the ear involved in:

1. Balance
2. Posture
3. Amplification of sound wave
4. Reception of sound stimulus
5. Collection and direction of sound waves.

(b) State three defects of the ear.

8.(a) State the functions of the skull.

   (b) (i) Name the structure found between vertebral bones.

         (ii) State two functions of structure named above.

9. (a) Write a word equation for the anaerobic respiration of glucose in 

1.              Muscle cells
2.           Plant cells

     (b) Which reaction produces the most energy for every mole of glucose respired?

     (c) How does the shape of red blood cells help it in its function?

10. (a) Name the types of joints which occur between the following bones in mammals

1.              Ilium and mammals
2.           Humans and scapula
3.         Vertebrae.

     (b) (i) How is high blood pressure built up in the glomenulus.

 (ii) Why is this high blood pressure needed?

11. (a) Describe the structure of placenta and explain how it functions.

      (b) Describe ways in which a foetus may be harmed by substances which pass from it from its mother’s blood?

12. (a) List any two types of blood cells.

(b) Give two differences between arteries and vein. .

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question number 13 is a compulsory.

13. Form One students in a certain secondary school were interested to know why it is necessary to study Biology. Assume you are a Biology teacher; educate these students on the importance of studying Biology by giving four points. (10 marks)

14. With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the structure of bacteria and give three advantages and disadvantages of bacteria in daily life.

15. With the aid of a well labelled diagram, describe the internal part of the mammalian heart

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCE BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY 1  MID TERM  EXAMINATION

FORM FOUR-2022

Time: 3Hours

Instructions.

1.    This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.
2.    Answer all questions in section A and B and TWO  (2) question from section C in which question 13 compulsory.
3.    All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4.    Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5.    Write your number on every page of your answer booklet.

 SECTION A (20 Marks)

 Answer All questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

1.      Which of the following are parasitic eukaryotic organisms?

1.      Amoeba and paramecium
2.      Euglena and green algae
3.       Trypanosome and plasmodium
4.      Brown algae and amoeba
5.       Plasmodium and amoeba.

(ii) The outer most living structure in plant cells is the;

1.      Cell wall
2.      Cytoplasm
3.       Cell membrane
4.      Nuclear membrane
5.       Ectoplasm.

(iii) The part of cassava plant which is modified for food storage is;

1.      An underground stem
2.      An underground root
3.       A corn
4.      A prop root
5.       An underground stalk.

(iv) The human body can make one of the following vitamins for itself;

1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B
3. Vitamin K
4. Vitamin D
5. Vitamin E.

(v) Which of the following does not belong to kingdom plantae

1.  Bryophytes
2.  Pteridophytes
3.  Basidiomycotes
4.  Angiospermaphytes
5. Ferns.

(vi) Identify the wrong statement about monocots

1. Have taproots
2. Have parallel venation
3. Floral parts are in three or multiple of three
4. Lacks pith on the stem
5. Have fibrous roots

(vii) Which statement is true about dicots?

1.  Has one cotyledon
2.  Has cambium in stem and roots
3.  Floral parts are in four or six and their multiples
4.  Leaves are narrow and flat
5. Lack flowers

(viii) Seedless fruits like bananas are known biologically as

1.           Succulent fruits
2.            Compound fruits
3.            Single fruits
4.           Parthenocarpic fruits
5.            Drupe

(ix) The conjugation sexual reproductive process in paramecium produces

1.           Only two paramecia
2.            Only ten paramecia
3.            Six paramecia
4.           Eight paramecia
5.            Four paramecia

(x) Maize grain is a fruit and not a seed as the structure contain

1.           One and two scars of attachment
2.            One scar of attachment
3.            Two scars of attachment
4.           Three scars of attachment
5.            Four scars of attachment

2. Match the functions of the parts of microscope in List A with their corresponding parts of microscope in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) What do you understand by term “Diffusion”?

 (b) Name structures concerned with gaseous exchange in plants

 (c) Explain mechanism of gaseous exchange in man.

4. (a) Outline four reasons for studying Biology in schools.

(b) Define Respiration

 (c) Give five features of respiratory surfaces.

5. Using well labeled diagrams, show the differences between monocots and dicots

6. Explain using diagrams the differences in the arrangement of vascular bundles in monocots and dicots

7.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of division angiospermophyta.

8. (a). Give the differences between the following items as used in growth by giving examples.

(i). Diffuse growth and allometric growth

(ii). Limited growth and unlimited growth

(b) (i). Draw the diagram of sigmoid growth curve, label the four significant phases

(ii). Briefly explain why during adolescence stage the rate of growth is rapid.

9. (a) Draw a well labeled diagram of apical meristem in the shoot

(b) Locate the region of much cell division

(c ) Explain the terminology “apical meristem” as used in the diagram in Q10(a) above.

(d) Why is it said that growth in plant is apical?

10. (a) Define growth in Animals

(b) Mention factors that affect growth in Animals

(c ) Explain the factors mentioned in Q11(b) above

11. (a) (i) What is a tissue

(ii) Name three animal and plant tissues.

    (b) State the structural differences between cell wall and a cell membrane.

    (c) Describe the function of blood plasma.

12. Write an essay on food preservation using following guidelines.

1.    Definition of food preservation
2.    Method used in food preservation
3.     Examples of food preserved in each method.

SECTION C (25 Marks) Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory.

13. Write an essay on typhoid using guidelines below.

1.    Meaning
2.    Cause
3.     Symptoms
4.    Effects
5.    Prevention and control

14. Give and account of what happens during each of the following stages.

i) Interphase ii) prophase iii) metaphase iv) anaphase v) Telophase

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

COMPETENCY BASED SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY 1  TERMINAL  EXAMINATION

FORM FOUR-2021

Time: 3Hours

Instructions.

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and TWO  (2) question from section C in which question 13 compulsory.
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your number on every page of your answer booklet.

 SECTION A (20 Marks)

 Answer All questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)-(xv), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

1. The joint in the human body which allows movement in all directions is known as

1.  pivot
2.  hinge
3.  double hinge
4.  ball
5.  peg and socket and socket

2. Which of the following is a metabolic waste product?

1.  Tears
2.  Saliva
3.  Mucus
4.  Faeces
5.  Urine

3.                     The following are examples of water-borne diseases:

1.  malaria and bilharzia
2.  yellow fever and typhoid
3.  diarrhoea and malaria
4.  cholera and plaque
5.  cholera and typhoid

4.                      One of the distinctive features of kingdom Fungi is possession of:

1.  plasma membrane
2.  cytoplasm
3.  chitin materials
4.  cell membrane
5.  cellulose material

5. When students were conducting private study at night, lights went off completely. Which of the following changes occurred in the eyes of the students?

1.  The lens became thicker
2.  The pupil became larger
3.  The ciliary muscle relaxed
4.  The lids close
5.  The eyes opened wider

6.                      Select the item that indicates the best match in vitamin­deficiency:

1.  Vitamin A dry scaly skin
2.  Vitamin B loss of appetite and yawning
3.  Vitamin C anemia and high blood pressure
4.  Vitamin D soft deformed bones
5.  Vitamin K poor night vision

7.                   Which of the following is formed immediately after fertilization?

1.  Placenta
2.  An embryo
3.  A foetus
4.  Amniotic fluid
5.  A zygote

8.                The human ovary secretes hormones known as:

1.  Oestrogen and testosterone
2.  Progesterone and testosterone
3.  Oestrogen and lactogen
4.  Oestrogen and progesterone
5.  Follicle stimulating hormone and progesterone

9.                      The offspring of crosses between red flowered and white flowered plants were always found to be pink. This is an example of:

1.  Crossing over
2.  Mutation
3.  Co-dominance
4.  Incomplete dominance

10. Species with cellulose in their cells are formally placed in

1.  Kingdom Monera
2.  Kingdom Animalia
3.  Kingdom Fungi
4.  Kingdom Plantae
5.  Kingdom Protista

2. Match the phrases in List   A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response from List B beside the item number of List A in your answer booklet.

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3.  (a) What do you understand by the term “First Aid”?

(b) State how you would render First Aid to a person who has been shocked by electric current.

4. (a) Define the terms “digestion” and “feeding” as used in Biology.

(b) Explain why during digestion the food is:

1. Alkaline when in the mouth.
2. Acidic when in the stomach.
3. Alkaline when in the ileum.

5. State three actions which take place in the human body in response to each of the following conditions:

1. When the temperature of the surroundings is low.
2. When the body temperature rises due to increase in the surrounding temperature.

6. The diagram below represents some gaseous exchange structures in humans.

(a) Name the structures labeled K, L, and M . 

(b) How the structure labeled J is suited to its function? 

(c) Name the process by which inhaled air moves from the structure labeled L into blood capillaries

7.  How is a guard cell structurally adapted for gaseous exchange? 

8.(a)  Colour blindness is a sex linked trait controlled by a recessive gene b. If a mother is a carrier and the father is normal, What is the chance that their son will be colour blind? Show your working. 

(b) State two guidelines that should be followed when typing scienti?c names.(2 marks)

9.(a) State three characteristics of the class Crustacea.

(b)  Explain why it is not advisable to be in a poorly ventilated room with a burning charcoal stove.(3 marks)

10.( a) State two disadvantages of sexual reproduction in animals. 

(b) State two functions of the placenta in mammals. 

11. (a) State three functions of blood other than transport. 

(b) State the economic importance of anaerobic respiration in plants. 

12.  (a) Explain how the sex of a male child is determined in human beings. 

(b)

 (i) Define the term diploidy. 

(ii) Name the type of cell division that gives rise to diploid cells. 

(iii) Name the type of cells in which the process named in (b) (ii) above occurs. 

(iv) State the significance of diploidy. 

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is compulsory.

13. Explain two differences between artificial and natural classification systems and indicate the two merits and demerits for each system.

14.  Describe the role of hormones in the human menstrual cycle. 

15. Explain the various ways in which seeds and fruits are adapted to dispersal. 

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECONDARY EXAMINATION SERIES

BIOLOGY 1 MID TERM EXAMINATION

FORM FOUR-2021

Time: 3Hours

Instructions.

1. This paper consists of section A, B and C with a total of 15 questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and B and TWO  (2) question from section C in which question 13 compulsory.
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your number on every page of your answer booklet.

SECTION A (20 Marks)

Answer All questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)-(xv), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

1. Lymphocytes have the ability to produce chemicals in response to the antigens. These chemical are called;

1. Pathogens
2. Immunity
3. Antibodies
4. Antigens
5. Parasites.

2. In mammals, the heart and its blood vessels make up the;

1. Circulatory system
2. Organ system
3. Skeletal system
4. Nervous system
5. Hormonal.

3. Urea production in the liver would probably increase when the amount of one of the following increases in the blood;

1. Fatty acids
2. Glycerals
3. Amino acids
4. Glucose
5. Fructose

4. A patient having blood group B can receive blood from donor who is blood group;

1. B only
2. B and AB only
3. B and O only
4. AB only
5. O only

5. The following is likely to happen when blood supply to the brain is minimum;

1. Shock
2. Vomiting
3. Fainting
4. choking
5. Sneezing

6. The function of cones of the human eye is to;

1. Sense light
2. Sense colour
3. Cover the eye
4. Reflect light
5. Protect the eye

7. Joints are held together by;

1. Ligaments
2. Cartilage
3. Tendon
4. Muscles
5. Bones

8. The by-products in photosynthesis process are;

1. Carbohydrate and water
2. Carbohydrate and carbon dioxide
3. Carbon dioxide and oxygen
4. Oxygen and water
5. Oxygen and air

9. The ability of human body to resist infections caused by micro organism is known as;

1. Immunity
2. Inoculation
3. Treatment
4. Vaccination
5. Medicine

10. The part of the cassava plant which is modified for food storage is;

1. An underground stem
2. An underground root
3. An underground stalk
4. A corm
5. A shoot

2. Match the responses in LIST B with the phrases in LIST A by writing the letter of the correct response from list B beside the item number of list A in your answer booklet.

SECTION B: 60 Marks

Answer ALL questions in this section

3. (a) (i) Define the term “good manner”.

(ii) What is the basic difference between active immunity and passive immunity?

(iii) Give ways of reducing the risk of HIV transmission

(b) The following terms are arranged in alphabetical order. Rearrange them into an appropriate

biological sequence, starting with the smallest;

Cell, Organ, Organism, System, Tissue

4. (a) Explain the meaning of the following ecological terms;

1. Food chain (ii) Trophic level

From the above chain identify the organ which is;

1. A primary producer
2. A tertiary consumer
3. Herbivores
4. Carnivores
5. What is a role of bacteria in the chain above

5. (i) What is classification?

(ii) State three distinctive features of the kingdom plantae

(iii) What is meant by the term “Sporophyte”.

(iv) With one example each list six phylum belong to the kingdom protoctista.

6. (a) (i) What is photosynthesis

2. Briefly give 3 importance of photosynthesis

(b) List briefly explains 3 traditional method of food preservation.

7. (a) Explain the difference between sexual and asexual production.

(b)Describe the function of the following parts of reproductive system.

(i) Ovary

(ii) Fallopian tube (oviduct)

(iii) Testes

(iv) Seminal vesicles

8. (a) Distinguish between semen from sperm.

(b) Explain why in most mammals, the testes descend outside.

9. Differentiate between the following pairs of terms;

(i) An enzyme and a hormone

(ii) Population and community

(iii) Geotropism and Phototropism

10. (a) The diagram below represents the arrangement of a tube and structures through which oxygen passes as it travels from the atmosphere into the blood of animals;

1. Name the tube represented by the number 1, 2 and 3.
2. Name the structure represented by the number 4.

(b) (i) State (4) adaptation features of the structure represented by the number 4, to its function.

(ii) Give out two differences between inhaled air and exhaled air.

11. (a) Define the following terms as applied to cell structure and organization.

(i) A cell

(ii) Cell differentiation

(b) Compare and contrast animal cell and plant cell (Diagrams are not necessary).

12. (a) Define the following terms;

(i) Classification

(ii) Binomial nomenclature

(b) (i) Explain three 3 points on the importance of classification

(ii) Classify the following organisms to class level Butterfly and Spider.

SECTION C:

Answer ONE 1 question from this section

13. (a) Define the following terms;-

(i) Infection

(ii) Diseases

(iii) Pathogen

14. (a) Define the following terms;

(i) Homeostasis

(ii) Osmoregulation

15. Describe the factors affecting growth in plants and animals

THE PRESIDENTS OFFICE MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY FORM IV

1. Choose the correct answer from the alternative given below and write your answer on the answer booklet provided.

1. Which of the following organisms is likely to undergo hibernation?

1. Frog
2. Lizard
3. Toad
4. Crocodile
5. Salamander.

ii. The process that happens during hot weather among homoiotherms includes;

1. Shivering and sweating
2. Vasoconstriction and vasodilation
3. Sweating and vasoconstriction
4. Sweating and vasodilation
5. Raising of hair and formation of goose pimples

iii. Which of the following is not a mendelian trait?

1. Hemophilia
2. Tongue rolling
3. Blood group determination
4. Sickle cell anaemia
5. Albinism

iv. The movement of food down the alimentary canal is aided by

1. Gravity
2. Muscles
3. Peristalsis
4. Movement
5. Blood pressure.

v. The part of brain that controls breathing is called

1. Hypothalamus
2. Medulla oblongata
3. Cerebellum
4. Cellebelum
5. Pirtuitary.

vi. The hormone involved in child birth is called

1. Estrogen
2. Progesterone
3. Oxytoxin
4. Prolactin
5. Relaxin.

vii. Which is not a distinguishing feature of all mammals?

1. They give birth
2. They have mammary glands
3. They have fur on their bodies
4. Have sweat glands
5. Are warm blooded.

viii. An example of an organism that shows discontinuous growth is

1. Rat
2. Crocodile
3. Grasshopper
4. Lizard
5. Man.

ix. Which of the following shows alternation of generation?

1. Mosses
2. Fern
3. Pine
4. Mushroom
5. Grass.

x. Which of the following process does not depend on osmosis?

1. Feeding of insectivorous plant
2. Absorption of water from the soil
3. Gaseous exchange in leaves
4. Opening and closing of stomata
5. Turgidity in plants

2. Match the following functions of the parts of microscope in list A with their corresponding parts of a microscope in list B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

3. (a) Mention three people who may be allowed into the laboratory

(b) Many accidents that occur in the laboratory are caused by carelessness. Justify this statement by giving examples.

4. (a) Differentiate exoskeleton from endoskeleton

(b) Explain how the skeleton is adapted to the following functions;

i. support

ii. movement

iii. protection

5. (a) Food web is more representative than food chain in explaining the flow of energy in ecosystem, explain.

(b) Explain the importance of food chain and food web in an ecosystem

6. (a) Explain why blood flow with high pressure in arteries than in veins

(b) Elaborate three factors that assist the flow of blood back to the heart through the veins.

7. (a) What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis?

(b) Explain the role of meiosis in reproduction

8. (a) What is accommodation of the eye?

(b) Explain the mechanism of the accommodation of the eye.

9. Excretion in plants is different from animals. Explain why plants do not need elaborate system of excretion.

10. How does the body maintain constant sugar in the body?

11. What features makes insect pollinated flowers to be efficient in attracting insects?

12. (a) Differentiate between the following genetic terms

i. back cross and test cross

ii. dominant trait and recessive trait

(b) Explain why Mendel chose a pea plant in his studies.

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer any two questions.

13. Malaria has no vaccines, but the fatality rate from malaria can be reduced if certain measures are put in place. Explain these measures.

14. By giving different methods of food preservations, explain the importance of preserving food.

15. Describe the main types of muscles found in the human body and how they are adapted to their functions.

THE PRESIDENTS OFFICE

MINISTRY OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

PRE-NATIONAL  EXAMINATION SERIES-1

BIOLOGY  FORM-4

2020

TIME: 3:00 HRS

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all the questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which question 13 is compulsory.
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5.  Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).                                                                                                                  

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1 For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i) Why is it advised to build an incinerator in every hospital and health centre? 

1. for collecting wastes. 
2. for disposing gaseous wastes. 
3. for disposing liquid wastes. 
4. for burning hazardous wastes. 
5. for disposing plastic wastes.

(ii) flow many gametes are produced from one cell during meiosis?

1. Eight 
2. Two  
3. Four 
4. Six 
5. Ten.         

(iii) Which of the following is the excretory organ in human?

1. Mouth 
2. Kidney 
3. Pancreas 
4. Stomach 
5. Anus.         

(iv) Which of the following hormones stimulates seed germination in plants?

1. Gibberellins 
2. Auxin 
3. Cytokinins 
4. Abscisic acid 
5. Ethene.         

(v) A joint which allows rotation in all planes is called

1.  suture
2.  ball and socket
3.  pivot
4. ligament
5.  hinge.

(vi)  A phylum consisting of species with jointed appendages and exoskeleton is known as

1.  Chordata 
2. Anelida 
3. Arthropoda
4. Platyhelminthesis 
5. Nematoda.

(vii) Which part of the flower receives pollen grain during pollination?

1.  Petal 
2. Stigma 
3. Stamen 
4. Style 
5. Ovary.

(viii) A rapid growth in plants is mainly taking place in

1. leaves 
2. cambium
3. roots
4. shoots and root tips 
5. stem. 

(ix) Which of the following is NOT a component of First Aid Kit?

1. Razor blade 
2. Panadol 
3. Bandage 
4. Soap 
5. Microscope. 

(x) A part of an onion bulb which is important for vegetative propagation is

1.  scale leaves
2.  foliage leaves
3.  terminal buds
4.  roots
5.  stem.

2. Match the phrases in List   A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response from List B beside the item number of List A in your answer booklet.

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) Give the meaning the following terms as used iri Biology:

1. Blood transfusion.
2. Blood compatibility.

(b) (i) State two advantages of blood transfusion.

(ii) Outline four precautions to be taken during blood transfusion

4. (a) List any four macro-elements in plant nutrition.

(b) Explain the causes of any three common disorders and diseases of the human digestive system.

5. (a) Name three type of muscles found in mammals.

 (b) Briefly explain how muscles are adapted to their role. Give three points.

6. (a) State three basic principles of waste disposal.

(b) Why poor waste disposal at home is said to cause adverse effects?

7.(a) Give the meaning of the following terms:

1. Vegetative propagation.
2. Gamete.

(b) Explain the merits and demerits of asexual reproduction in plants.

8. (a) What do you understand by the term “First Aid”?

(b) State how you would render First Aid to a person who has been shocked by electric current.

9. (a) Define the terms “digestion” and “feeding” as used in Biology.

(b) Explain why during digestion the food is:

1. Alkaline when in the mouth.
2. Acidic when in the stomach.
3. Alkaline when in the ileum.

1. (a) Define the term “osmoregulation”.

(b) Briefly explain the mechanisms of regulating sugar level in the blood.

11. Outline merits and demerits of Lamercks theory of evolution.

12..  In the experiment conducted on single factor inheritance, individuals which were male homozygous tall married a female who was homozygous dwarf. The gene for tall was dominant over dwarf. Use the crosses to find out the possibility of the phenotypic results and the ratio in the first filial generation.

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is a compulsory.

13.(a) Explain the process of fertilization in flowering plants.

14. With the aid of illustrations, discuss the stages of mitosis.

15. Elaborate the causes of drug abuse to young people and advise the Tanzanian Government on the ways of combating drug abuse in the country.

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, LOCAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

BIOLOGY- POST-MOCK- EXAMINATION-JUNE

FORM FOUR

Time 3:00 Hours                                                        JUNE 2020 

INSTRUCTIONS

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all the questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C of which question 13 is compulsory.
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5.  Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).                                                                                          

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

(i) What is the aim of doing experiment when conducting a scientific investigation?

1.  Identifying a problem 
2.  Finding a solution 
3.  Testing a hypothesis 
4.  Gathering information 
5.  Recording results

(ii) Water from the roots of flowering plants is transported up to the plant by different forces. Which of the following forces initiates and raises water to the least height? 

1. Root pressure 
2. Transpiration pull
3. Cohesion forces                     
4. Adhesion forces
5. Capillarity

(iii) What is the role of node of ranvier in a neurone?

1. To transmit the impulses away from the cell body.
2. To insulate the axon and speed up transmission of impulses.
3. To transmit nerve impulses from one nerve to another.
4. To speed up the transmission of nerve impulses.
5.  To transmit the nerve impulses towards the cell body.

(iv) Which of the following is the symptom of the disease caused by lack of protein in children?

1. Anemia 
2. Swollen head 
3. Breeding 
4. Pale and thin hair 
5. Sneezing. 

(v) Which of the following hormones stimulates seed germination in plants?

1. Gibberellins 
2. Auxin 
3. Cytokinins 
4. Abscisic acid 
5. Ethene.  

(vi) The function of the bright coloured petals in flowers is

1. to store nectarines 
2. to hold sepals in position 
3. to produce colour of the flower 
4. to receive pollen grain 
5. to attract insects for pollination. 

(vii) The interaction between two species in which both organisms benefit is known as

1. ectoparasite 
2. parasitism 
3. commensalisms 
4. mutualism 
5. endoparasite.  

(viii) Tongue rollers in genetics is an example of

1.  gametogenesis 
2. continuous variation 
3. swallowing 
4. lubricating food 
5. discontinuous variation.

(ix)Which food substance is investigated in the biuret test procedur?

1.  Carbohydrate 
2. Lipids 
3. Protein 
4. Starch 
5. Reducing sugar.

(x) A rapid growth in plants is mainly taking place in

1. leaves 
2. cambium
3. roots
4. shoots and root tips 
5. stem. 

 2. Match the functions of components of the skeleton in List A with their corresponding components of the skeleton in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

  SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. It has been observed that some people dispose wastes around the lake which supplies water to the surrounding communities. Briefly explain three problems which are likely to happen to the area.

4.Jairus complains of having burning sensation around the chest region.

1. What digestive disorder is he facing?
2.  Give five measures he should take to treat the disorder.

5. Ringing in plants involves removal of the bark of tree. This hinders communication    between upper and lower parts of plant. In three points, briefly elaborate the impact of ringing on the stem of hibiscus plant.

6. (a) Give the meaning the following terms as used iri Biology:

1. Blood transfusion.
2. Blood compatibility.

(b) (i) State two advantages of blood transfusion.

(ii) Outline four precautions to be taken during blood transfusion.

7. (a) Describe the stages of human post-natal growth and development.

   (b) What do you understand by a term "primary growth" in plants?

8. (a) Briefly explain the process of menstruation in human being.

9. (a) (i) What do you understand by the term respiration?

    (ii) Name the two types of respiration.

(b) Explain how gaseous exchange occurs across the aveolus.

10. Reptiles are organisms whose body temperature is affected by environmental temperature. Briefly explain three ways that help reptile to survive in different weather conditions.

11. Explain the process of fertilization in flowering plants.

12. Give two differences between arteries and vein.

THE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, LOCAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

BIOLOGY- MOCK- EXAMINATION-MAY

FORM FOUR

Time 3:00 Hours MAY 2020 

INSTRUCTIONS

i) This paper consists of three sections A,B and C

ii) Answer all questions in sections A and B, and one question in section C

iii) Ensure clarity in your responses

iv) Don’t attempt to cheat

i) Which of the following is not a sign of Gonorrhea?

1. Swollen lymph nodes
2. Yellow discharge from vagina/penis
3. Irregular menstruation
4. Itching in private parts
5. Skin rashes

ii) Among the following are functions of nucleus. Which one is not?

1. Determine the chemical processes that take place in cell
2. Initiate cell division
3. Control function of all parts of the cell
4. Determine hereditary characteristic of the cell
5. Forms cell membrane

iii) Which of the following is odd one out

1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2. Escherichia coli
3. Treponema pallidum
4. Salmonella typhi
5. Non of the above

iv) Which of the following will be a sequence to follow in scientific procedure after experiment?

1. Observation and data recording
2. Hypothesis formation
3. Conclusion
4. Problem identification
5. Data analysis

v) Hyposecretion of growth in childhood would result to….

1. Dwarfism
2. Gigantism
3. Death
4. Hyperactivity
5. goitre

vi) A student was given a piece of material of doubtful origin; he wanted to know whether it is from an animal or from a plant. Which of the following should be analyze and examine?

1. The cytoplasm and cell membrane
2. The nucleus and outermost covering
3. The cytoplasm and outmost covering
4. The nucleus and cell membrane
5. Non of the above

Vii Which of the following statements concerning diffusion and active transport is correct?

1. Both require energy
2. Neither requires energy
3. Only diffusion requires energy
4. Active transport requires energy while diffusion do not
5. Both occur in plants only

viii) On a cold day one usually experiences, shivering, this is the way of maintaining normal body temperature. Why does one feel better after shivering?

1. The muscles are coordinated
2. The body responds to stimulus
3. The body releases energy and heat
4. The body has better adaptations
5. Body gains heat

ix) When red flowered pea plant is crossed with white flowered pea plant, all the F1 generation had pink flowers. This is an example of;

1. Crossing over
2. Mutation
3. Incomplete dominance
4. Recessiveness
5. Inbreeding

x) Which part of a seed grows into root of a plant?

1. Cotyledon
2. Micropyle
3. Plumule
4. Radical
5. Hilum.

2. Match the items in list A with the corresponding item in list B to make meaningful phrase.

SECTION B. 60 MARKS.

3. a)Draw a large and neat labeled diagram of the villus found in the digestive system

b) i) Name the digestive juice which is produced by the liver

ii) State the function of the substances contained in the digestive juice named in b (i)

4. a)Differentiate the following terms:

i) Breathing and respiration

ii) Inhalation and exhalation

b) Briefly describe the following phenomenon:

i) A person breathes more when is running fast

ii) The ribs move outwards and upwards while the diaphragm flattened when air enters the lungs

5. The diagram below illustrates a physiological process in red blood cell of mammals when placed in different solution.

a) i) What type of solutions are A B and C?

ii) Explain the biological process that has taken place in A and B

b) What would happen if a plant cell is placed in solution A and B

c) Explain why amoeba can successfully survive in solution B

6. a)Name the causal organism of the following diseases

i) Malaria

ii) Amoebic dysentery

iii) Typhoid

b) Name the substances made of the following nutrients that are involved in blood clotting

i) Protein

ii) Vitamin

iii) Enzyme

iv) Mineral element

c) Proteins are large molecules made up of long chains of amino acids joined together through a bond called

d) State the main role of the following mineral to plants

i) Nitrogen

ii) Magnesium

7. a)State three actions which take place in the human body in response to each of the following conditions:

i) When the temperature of the surrounding is low

ii) When the body temperature rises due to increase in surrounding temperature

b) Briefly explain why people took pale when they feel cold?

8. (a) (i) identify two common features present in a villus and alveolus

(ii) Mention the roles played by each feature in the structure mentioned above.

(b) Explain what would happen if:

(i) The pituitary gland failed to produce antidiuretic hormone

(ii) Red blood cell lost haemoglobin.

9. (a) Write a word equation for the anaerobic respiration of glucose in;

(i) Muscles cells

(ii) Plant cells

(b) Which reaction produces the most energy for a given mole of glucose respired.

(c) How does the shape of red blod cells help it in its functions

10. (a) Distinguish between homologous and analogous structures with specific examples

(b) Name two types of evolution exhibited by comparing;

(i) Flipper of a whale and forelimb of desert rat

(ii) wings of a bird and wings of butterfly

(iii) Wing of a flamingo and wing of an insect

(c) Explain the term struggle for existence as used in evolution.

11. (a) Define the following terms

1. Menstruation
2. Menstrual cycle
3. Family planning

(b) Give the functions of the following parts of an embryo?

1. Chorion
2. Amnion
3. Amniotic fluid
4. Umbilical cord

12. (a) Explain what you understand by the term cell specialization.

(b) Define the term cell physiology?

(c) State the characteristic of a cell membrane

SECTION C. 25 marks

Answer two questions from this section, question 13 is compulsory

13.(a) Give two functions of mammalian ear.

(b) Explain the mechanism of hearing.

14. (a) Outline the Lamarck’s Theory of evolution and explain with specific examples why biologists dispute the theory.

(b) Explain the main difference between Lamarck’s theory and Darwin Theory of evolution.

15. Describe the adaptations and functions of the cardiac Muscles.

 THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

MID TERM EXAMINATION- MARCH-2020

033/1                                                               BIOLOGY 1

Time: 3Hours                                                                                  

Instructions:

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of fifteen (15) questions.
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) question2 from section C of which question 13 is compulsory.
3. All writing should be in blue or black pen, except for diagrams that must be drawn in pencil.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provide.

(i) Why is it advised to build an incinerator in every hospital and health centre?

1. For collecting wastes
2. For disposing gaseous wastes
3. For disposing liquid wastes
4. For burning hazardous wastes
5. For disposing plastic wastes.

(ii) Mrs. Juma’s child has protruding stomach and swollen lower limbs. What type of food should she give to her child to overcome the problems?

1. Starch
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Minerals
5. Vitamins

(iii) In the food chain: Grass               Zebra               Lion. A lion is 

1. A primary consumer
2. A secondary consumer
3. A producer
4. A tertiary consumer
5. A decomposer

(iv) Water from the roots of flowering plants is transported up to the plant by different forces. Which of the following forces initiates and raises water to the least height?

1. Root pressure
2. Transpiration pull
3. Cohesion forces
4. Adhesion forces
5. Capillarity

(v) A patient has been diagnosed with level of blood sugar. Which hormone would you recommend to regulate the victim’s sugar?

1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Antidiuretic
4. Aldosterone
5. Testosterone 

(vi) Which one is the feature of aging in human beings?

1. Shorter reaction times
2. Strong bones
3. Strong muscles
4. Body increase in size
5. Wrinkling of the skin.

(vii) Viruses are considered to be non – living because:

1. Are only active in contents of living cell
2. They have true nuclei
3. Body is covered by a cell wall
4. They are single – cell Eukaryotic organisms
5. They are multicellular organisms.

(viii) The cell wall:

1. Gives rigidity to plant and animal cells.
2. Made up of a layer of pectin
3. Are composed mainly of cellulose.
4. Is a product  of middle lamella
5. Surrounds all types of cells.

(ix) Oxygen debt occurs when.

1. Too much carbon dioxide is present in the body.
2. Rate of respiration exceeds that of photosynthesis
3. Alcohol is formed in the tissue.
4. There is insufficient oxygen in muscle tissue during strenuous exercise.
5. There is insufficient lactic acid in muscle tissue.

 (x) Which of the following prevents surface of the articulating bones from being worn out by friction?

1. Capsular ligament.
2. Synovial membrane
3. Articula cartilage
4. Tendon
5. Synovial capsule

2. Matching items questions.

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section

3. (a) (i) Identify two common features present in a villus and alveolus 

          (i) Mention the roles played by each feature in the structure mentioned in (a) above.

    (b) Explain what would happen if:

            (i) The pituitary gland failed to secrete antiduretic hormone.

            (ii) Red blood cell lost haemoglobin.

4. (a) Study the diagram below and answer question that follows.

1. Name the type of nutrition found in above plant
2. Name the organism
3. Discuss the environmental importance of this type of feeding 

    (b) Name the forces involved in water movement up the plant.

5. (a) (i) Kingdom plantae is divided into different divisions, mention them.

          (ii) Give one example the plants which are found in each division.

     (b) With the use of illustrations, differentiate between dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous in the following aspects.

1. Venation
2. Arrangement of vascular tissues in stem. 

6. (a) Study the diagram below on nerve cell and answer the questions that follows.

1. Name parts A, B, C, and D.
2. Where does neurone in fig. above carry impulse to?
3. Name (2) other types of nerve cells found in the nerves system of vertebrates and state their functions.

   (b) State four differences between nervous communication and endocrine communication.

7. Consider that you are a medical doctor and you have received a patient whose investigation has diagnosed kidney stones. Suggest to the patient three possible causes and three control measures for kidney stones.

8. (a) What is the difference between marasmus and Kwashiorkor?

    (b) A food substance was heated with sodalime, NaOH/CaO.

A gas was evolved which turned litmus paper blue. The gas smelled urine. What is the nature of this food substance?

9. How are the respiratory surfaces adapted to their role? Give four points

10. (a) Give two differences between cell membrane and cell wall.

     (b) Why is cell differentiation important to living organisms? Give a reason.

11. (a) (i) Identify two common features present in a villus and alveolus 

          (i) Mention the roles played by each feature in the structure mentioned in (a) above.

    (b) Explain what would happen if:

            (i) The pituitary gland failed to secrete antiduretic hormone.

            (ii) Red blood cell lost haemoglobin.

12. (a) Distinguish between exoskeleton and endoskeleton using the following sub headings.

            (i) Position in the body

            (ii) Composition 

            (iii) Examples of Organism in which they are found.

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question 13 is a compulsory.

13. Discuss the concept of drug abuse under the following heading.

1. Meaning of Drug abuse
2. Causes.
3. Preventive and control measures.

14. Food preservation is very important in human life. Discuss its important under the following headings.

1. Need for food preservation
2. Local food preservation methods and their biological effects.

15. Majority of people believe that all fungi are harmful organisms. As a biologist, explain four ways in which fungi are beneficial to human being.