THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA, PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

ANNUAL EXAMINATION FORM III

034/01 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 1

TIME 3:00 HRS 2025

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consist of section  A,B and C 
2. Answer ALL questions from sections A and B and only one question from section C
3. Section A carries 15 marks and section B carries 70 marks while section C carries15 marks
4. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheet.

SECTION A (15-MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section

1. For each of the items (i) – (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter besides the item number in the answer sheet provided.

i. Which of the following is an example of uncertainty in farm business?

1. Theft 
2. Fire outbreak 
3. Accidents
4. Health of the farmer 
5. Price fluctuation

ii.Which diseases belong to a group of diseases caused by viruses in cattle?

1. Rinderpest and rabies
2. Anthrax and Coccidiosis
3. Black quarter and preumonia
4. Trypanosomiasis and Anaplasmosis
5. Babesiosis and Brucellosis

iii. Which one is a good quality of roughage feedstuff given to farm animals?

1. Rich in crude protein 
2. High fibre content and high in energy
3. Rich in energy and protein
4. Rich in protein and fibre content 
5. High in fibre content and low in energy

iv. A tool that is used for marking points on metal surfaces before drilling is called:

1. Screw driver 
2.  centre punch
3. wire brush 
4. Divider 
5. cold chisel

v. The following are grafting techniques except:

1. Approach grafting 
2. Cleft grafting 
3. Whip grafting
4. Tongue grafting 
5. Scion grafting

vi. A piece of wood which is fitted into beam perforation so as to keep draught animals in position:

1. U – bolt 
2. Skey 
3. Strap
4. Collar 
5. Nose ring

vii. The class of insecticides that kill an insect after being absorbed and transported through body tissue is:

1. Contact herbicides 
2. Stomach poisoning 
3. Fumigants
4. Systemic 
5. Rogor

viii Soils in areas with heavy rains are poor in fertility due to:

1. High infiltration rates 
2. Leaching
3. Soil pH 
4. High percolation rates 
5. Too much water

ix. The mating of closely related individuals in animal breeding is

1. Out Crossing 
2. Out breeding 
3. Up grading
4. In breeding 
5. Cross breeding

x. The management practice in sheep that allows mating to take place with little difficulty is known as:

1. Castration 
2. Shearing 
3. Dehorning
4. Docking 
5. Deworming

2. Match the items in LIST A with those in LIST B by writing the correct answer to you answer sheet provided.

SECTION B (70 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

3.A farmer planted 2 hectares of maize. In raising the crop he bought seeds for Tsh.120,000.00, fertilizers for Tsh. 460,000.00, insecticides for Tsh 20,000.00 weeding costs were 80,000.00 and harvesting costs Tsh. 200,000.00. The total yield was 60 bags of 100kg each. The maize was brought by a local cooperative society at Tsh. 500.00 per kg. Calculate gross margin per hectare.

4.(a) Deforestation has led to land degradation in most arable lands of Tanzania. How will you advise people in your community on the importance of trees in soil and water conservation? Give six points

(b) Briefly explain any four importance of soil and water conservation.

5.(a) What do you understand by the term “ Incubation period” as used in Livestock diseases?

(b) Mr. Mbwiga woke up one early morning to visit his livestock Boma. He found two of his cows dead. Surprisingly though, the two cows looked healthy as no symptom of a disease was observed at night before. On examining the dead bodies, the following signs were observed:

- The bodies lacked stiffness of joints

- Dark red blood from oozed the noses, anus, ears and from the vulva opening.

1. Suggest the possible and most probable cause of the deaths.
2. Use three points to educate the farmers in your village on how the disease mentioned in (i) above can be prevented and / or controlled.

6.(a) Distinguish soil structure from soil texture

(b) The Soil structure can be improved to make it more suitable for crop production. Outline three methods which can be used to improve soil structure in order to increase the productivity .

7.(a) An extension officer advised farmers to change their ways of doing farm operations from human power to mechanical power. Give five (5) reasons to support the advice given to the farmers.

(b) Account for the four (4) factors that limit the effectiveness of farm mechanization in agricultural production in Tanzania.

8. Crop rotation is the practice of changing crops seasonally or annually on the same piece of land.

1. Use 2 points to convince farmers to adapt crop rotation and abandon monoculture.
2. Give any one reason for each of the stated principle of crop rotation:

1. Including a legume in the rotation programme.
2. Having a fallow period.
3. Deep rooted crops being followed by shallow rooted.
4. Crops from the same family are not allowed to follow each other in the rotation programme.

9.Your school is planning to start a poultry project. Explain to your fellows the factors you will have to consider before deciding on the poultry management system to adapt. Use five points.

SECTION C (15 MARKS)

Answer only one question

10. Parasites attack on livestock is among the challenge facing livestock keepers at a farm level in Tanzania. As a livestock keeper expect, Educate farmer on the

(i). Effect of parasites on livestock (six points)

(ii). General symptoms of the parasite attack on livestock (5 points)

(iii). Advice farmers on the measures recommended to control parasite (5 points).

11. In order to become successful in crop production farmers must adhere to various principles so as to produce profitably. Briefly describe twelve principles of crop production.