THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Year: 2006

SECTION A

1. For each of the items (i) - (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.

(i)Which of the following are the non-living parts of a cell?

1. Cell wall and nucleus
2. Cell wall and vacuoles
3. Cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum
4. Cytoplasm and vacuole
5. Cell wall and ribosome

(ii)Which one of the following is a group of animal tissues?

1. Muscles, blood, nerve and epithelia
2. Eye, muscles, skin and blood
3. Cardiac muscles, skin, liver and blood
4. Blood, muscles, skin and kidney 
5. Liver, pancreas, lymph and ear

(iii)Diabetes mellitus is associated with:

1. Too much insulin in the blood
2. Too much glucose in the lymph
3. High glycogen level in the blood
4. Under secretion of insulin in the blood
5. Too little glucagon in the blood

(iv)The Graph below shows changes in dry weight of a germinating seed.

The reasons for the decrease in dry weight and final i" V weight of the germinating seed are:-

1. Stored food being used for photosynthesis and increase due to respiration;
2. Respiration from stored food and increase due to ability to make food by photosynthesis;
3. Respiration from stored food and increase due to absorption of water;
4. Excretion and respiration and increase due to absorption of water;
5. Excretion and increase due to respiration.

Fig. 1

(v) The best distinction between diastolic and systolic blood pressure is that:

1. Diastolic blood pressure is caused by contraction of ventricles while systolic blood pressure is caused by contraction of auricles.
2. Diastolic blood pressure causes blood from contracting auricles to flow into ventricles while systolic blood pressure causes blood from contracting ventricles to flow into pulmonary artery and aorta.
3. Diastolic blood pressure is the same as systolic blood pressure. Therefore there is no distinction.
4. Diastolic blood pressure is lower than systolic blood pressure.
5. Diastolic blood pressure is common.

(vi) Which of the following prevents surfaces of the articulating bones from being worn out by friction?

1. Capsular ligament
2. Synovial membrane
3. Articular cartilage
4. Tendon
5. Synovial capsule

(vii) Figure 2 represents a of a small mammal.

Examine Figure 2 below and answer the questions that follow:

Fig. 2

1. ventral view of cervical vertebra
2. anterior view of thoracic vertebra
3. anterior view of atlas vertebra
4. side view oflumbar vertebra
5. anterior view of caudal vertebra

(viii)The structure labelled A is called:

1. Vertebra arterial canal
2. Posterior facet
3. Neural arch 
4. Anterior
5. Neural facet

(ix) Refer to Figure 3

Fig. 3

Figure 3 is a:

1. Transverse section through a monocot root
2. Transverse section through a dicot stem
3. Transverse section through a dicot root
4. Transverse section through a monocot stem 
5. Longitudinal section of a dicot stem

(x) Observe the punnet square below:

The possible gene combination in square number 3 of Figure 4 above is:

1. bcBc 
2. bbCc 
3. BbCc
4. Bbcc 
5. bbcc