THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Year: 2004

SECTION A

1. For each of the items (i) — (x) choose the correct answers from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.

(i) Cell walls:

1. give rigidity to plant and animal cells
2. are made up of a layer of pectin
3. are composed mainly of cellulose 
4. are a product of middle lamella 
5. surround all types of cells.

(ii) Green plants are known as producers because they:

1. produce chlorophyll in chloroplasts
2. produce green leaves
3. contain fruits and seeds
4. grow in fertile soil
5. make food from simple stibstances

(iii)The Figure below represents:

Fig. 1

1. cardiac muscle
2. skeletal muscle 
3. involuntary muscle
4. mycelium
5. nervous tissue

(iv) A human ovary produces ova and the following hormones:

1. Oestrogen and testosterone 
2. Progesterone and testosterone
3. Follicle stimulating hormone (F.S.H) and progesterone.
4. Oestrogen and progesterone 
5. F.S.H and Oestrogen.

(v)The following is a list of diseases caused by bacteria:

1. Pneumonia, elephantiasis, cholera
2. Pneumonia, malaria, cholera 
3. Bilharzias, cholera, pneumonia 
4. Tuberculosis, pneumonia, small pox
5. Tuberculosis, pneumonia, cholera

(vi)Which of the following parts of the germinating seed is an embryonic shoot?

1. Hypocotyls 
2. Radical
3. Plumule 
4. Cotyledon
5. Endosperm

(vii) A biologist discovered a new cell in a culture. The new cell had a distinct cell wall but it did not have a definite nucleus. The cell is most likely to be:

1. Fungi
2. Prokaryote 
3. Protozoa 
4. Virus 
5. Eukaryote

(viii)Oxygen debt occurs when:

1. Too much carbon dioxide is present in the body. 
2. The rate of respiration exceeds that of photosynthesis in green plants.
3. Alcohol is formed in tissues. 
4. There is insufficient oxygen in the muscle tissues during strenuous exercise. 
5. There is insufficient lactic acid in muscle tissues.

(ix) If the magnifying power of the eyepiece lens of the compound microscope is x10 and that of the high power objective lens is x40, what is the magnification of a specimen under observation?

1. x10
2. x400
3. x50
4. x40
5. x5000

(x) What type of germination is presented by the figure below?

1. Epigeal
2. Hypogeal
3. Tap-root
4. Hypocotyl
5. Apical