THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA, PRIME MINISTR'S OFFICE-RALG

FORM FOUR  SEPTEMBER MID–TERM EXAMINATIONS

CODE: 034 AGRICULTURE

TIME: 3:00 Hours. September, 2026

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. This paper consists of section A, B, and C
2. Attempt all questions in section A and B and any two questions from section C.
3. Read the instructions under each section carefully
4. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheet.

SECTION A: (16 marks)

1. For each of the items i-x, choose the correct answer from among the alternatives and write its letter in the answer sheet provide.

(i) Which of the following is an example of uncertainty in farm business?

1. Theft
2. Fire outbreak
3. Accidents
4. Health of the farmer
5. Price fluctuation

(ii) Which diseases belong to a group of diseases caused by viruses in a cattle?

1. Rinderpest and rabies
2. Anthrax and Coccidiosis
3. Black quarter and pneumonia
4. Trypanosomiasis and Anaplasmosis
5. Babesiosis and Brucellosis

(iii) Which one is good quality of roughage feedstuff given to farm animals?

1. Rich in crude protein
2. High fibre content and high in energy
3. Rich in energy and protein
4. Rich in protein and fibre content
5. High in fibre content

(iv) A tool that used for marking points on metal surface before drilling is called:

1. Screw driver
2. Centre punch
3. Wire brush
4. Divider
5. Cold chisel

(v) Which farm workshop tool is used to support work piece during forging:

1. Tongs
2. Sledge hammer
3. Hand dusters
4. Sand
5. Saw

(vi) Which of the following is a branch of Agriculture deal with a production of fruits.

1. Pomoculture
2. Hortculture
3. Olericulture
4. Floriculture
5. Apiculture

(vii) ______________is a machine used for separating maize grains from cobs and Winnowing to obtain clear grains:

1. Harvester
2. Planter
3. Trailler
4. Sheller Machine
5. Ox-cart

(viii) A piece of wood which is fitted into a beam perforation so as to keep draught animals in position.

1. U-bolt
2. Skey
3. Strap
4. Collar
5. Nose ring

(ix) The class of insecticides that kill an insect after being absorbed and transported through body tissues is

1. Contact herbicides
2. Stomach poisoning
3. Fumigants
4. Systemic
5. Selective herbicides

(x) The mating of closely related individuals in animal breeding is

1. Out Crossing
2. Out breeding
3. Up grading
4. In breeding
5. Cross breeding

2. Match the symptoms of crop disease in List A with the disease name in list B by writing the letter of the correct response below the corresponding item number in the table provided.

SECTION B: (54 marks)

Answer all questions in these section.

3. A team of form four students visited famers in particular village and found that, they planted late and used seeds with low quality. Assist them to answer the following question

(a) Give three disadvantage of the late planting. (03 marks)

(b) Briefly describe six factors that farmers were supposed to observe during the selection of seeds (06 marks)

4. (a) Briefly explain the uses of the following building material (04 marks)

i. Bricks
ii. Aggregates
iii. Timber
iv. Thatch grass

(b) What are the five factors one should consider when designing a farm structure? (05 marks)

5. Crop rotation is the practice of changing crops seasonally or annually on the same piece of land.

(a) Use four points to convince farmers to adapt crop rotation and abandon crop monoculture. (02marks)

(b) Give any one reason for each of the stated principle of crop rotation.

i. Feeding habit of crops
ii. Includes crops of different families
iii. Consider root system of the crops plants
iv. Consider the growing habits of the crops (02 marks)

(c) Planning is said to be the “beginning with the end in mind". Discuss this statement with reference to planning for crop production. Use five (05) points (05 marks)

6. (a) Too much rainfall and irrigation can cause serious problem of excessive accumulation of water in the field. Explain six ways how you can correct that problem in order to maintain optimum soil water for proper growth and development of agricultural crops (06 marks)

(b) To choose an irrigation method, the farmer must know advantages and challenges of each methods, account for the six (06) factors to consider when selecting appropriate methods of irrigation (03 marks)

7. (a) Account for steps which are used in computation of gross margin.

(b) A farmer has 50 dairy cows. During the past year faced a lot of problems. There was serious drought, concentrate where difficult to obtain and water was not easily available. He spent a total of Shs 30000/= on animal feeds and Shs 1200/= on vertenary services. In addition, he bought four calves to replace 4 cows which he had culled. The culls were sold for Shs 2000/= each were has the calves were bought for Shs 2300/= each. Total milk output was 10,000 gallons and each gallons was sold for Shs 250/=. The farmer paid Shs 140/= a month as insurance premium for his farm. Calculate the gross margin per cow. (O6 marks)

8. (a) Selection of a suitable breed of dairy cattle is very important step before staring your business. You as the owner of dairy cattle farm to be established what factors will you consider in your farm? Use six (06) point. (03 marks)

(b) Breeding livestock for future generation is a key goal for the most of livestock keepers. Account for six principles of a good livestock breeding in order to ensure development of livestock industry in Tanzania. (06 marks)

SECTION C: (30 marks)

Answer only two (2) questions from this section

9. Account for the six agronomic methods to address the problem of soil fertility that affects crop plants growth. (15 Marks)

10. The Agriculture sector absorbs about 70% of unemployed population in Tanzania. However, the productivity of the sector has remained low partly due to insufficient knowledge among the farmers on the proper use of factors of production. Account four for the factors and roles each one play to increase the agricultural productivity. Give two roles for each. (15 Marks)

11. Marketing of Agricultural produce is one of the problems facing the farmers. What is the six problem facing marketing of agricultural produce? (15 marks)

 PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE,    REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM FOUR TERMINAL  EXAMINATION 

Code:034/1 AGRICULTURE 1

TIME: 3:00HR MAY -2026

INSTRUCTIONS 

1. This paper consists of section A, B, and C with the total of eleven (11) questions
2. Answer all questions in section A and B, and only two (2) questions from section C.
3. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
4. All writing must be in blue or black ink.
5. Write your examination number on every page of your answer sheet(s).

SECTION A (16 Marks)

Answer all questions from this section

1. For each of the items (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer sheets provided.

(i) Ruminants are called polygastric animals because they have more than one stomach. Each of their stomach perform a certain role in digestion. Which stomach in ruminants is termed as true stomach?

1. Omasum 
2. Abomasum 
3. Rumen
4. Reticulum
5. Caecum

(ii) As an expert in poultry farming, which list among the following represents a set of viral diseases which infect poultry

1. Marek’s, Newcastle, fowl typhoid, and infectious oryza
2. Marek’s, Newcastle, Fowl pox, and Coccidiosis
3. Marek’s, Newcastle, Fowl pox, and Gumboro
4. Newcastle, fowl pox, fowl cholera and fowl typhoid 
5. FMD, rabies, rinderpest and swine fever

(iii) Macro nutrients are needed in large quantities by the body of living organism. Which of the following groups of plant nutrients are macro – elements

1. Nitrogen, calcium and manganese
2. Phosphorus, sulphur, and potassium
3. Calcium, zinc and molybdenum
4. Boron, nitrogen and copper
5. Chlorine, sulphur and iron

(iv) During artificial brooding, chicks were found to be far away from the heat source. Which one among the following could be the cause in the brooder?

1. Droughts
2. Low temperature
3. Normal temperature
4. High temperature
5. Brooder not functioning well.

(v) Why animals such as horses, donkeys, oxen and mules have been used more as a source of farm power than others?

1. They require adequate grazing land which is available everywhere
2. Their working speed is very high
3. They can work well in all soil types, light soils and heavy soils.
4. They are generally hard, strong and easy to feed.
5. They can easily be trained to become oxen for farm work

(vi) Which parasite among the following cannot be controlled by drenching?

1. Ascaris and round worms
2. Tsetse flies and ticks
3. Liver flukes and Tape worms
4. Tape worms and ascaries
5. Tape worms and roundworms

(vii) The status of soil fertility in a certain farm was very low. A farmer was thinking on how to replenish the soil fertility of the farm. The following agronomic practices may be adopted by the farmer to overcome this situation EXCEPT:-

1. Mulching using organic mulches
2. Practicing crop rotation
3. Allowing the crop residues, remains of other plants to die and rot in the soil
4. Green manuring
5. Adding farm yard manure in the soil

(viii) What will you do in the field of cassava, if you found that the upper parts of the cassava (leaves) have a very good healthy, but their roots have not developed well though they have already attained maturity? 

1. Adding nitrogenous fertilizers
2. Watering the cassava regularly
3. Adding farm yard manure
4. Early planting of the cassava cuttings
5. Avoiding excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers.

(ix) The occurrence of fire outbreak and thieves in farms are examples of ______

1. Comicality
2. Errors
3. Mistakes
4. Risks
5. Uncertainties

(x) The type of soil which very well aerated and it is simple to work on it is called? 

1. Clay
2. Loam
3. Sand
4. Silt
5. None of the above

2. Match the spacing in List A with the correct crop in List B by writing the letter of correct response beside the item number in the answer sheets provided.

SECTION B (54 MARKS)

Answer all questions from this section

3. (a) Explain three reasons of why the groundnuts and other crops which store food under the ground should not be planted in heavy soils. (4.5 marks)

(b) Write the causative agent, vector and crop infested by the following plant diseases

(4.5 marks)

4. (a) As an expert in weed biology and weed control, state three mechanical or physical methods used in controlling weeds on agricultural fields. (03 marks)

(b) Cultural methods are the simplest techniques in controlling pests and diseases in our farms. Advice farmers any six (6) cultural methods used in controlling pests and diseases on the farm. (06 marks)

5. (a) Entrepreneurship is very important in farming business economics. By giving the meaning of entrepreneurship, state four (4) roles of an entrepreneur in farming business economics. (06 marks)

(b) The certain farm tool which was bought nine years back was sold at the value of 5000 Tshs. What was the original cost of this tool if its annual depreciation was 5000 Tsh? (03 marks)

6. (a) With the help of the meaning of soil pH, explain any three (3) importance which the farmer will get by understanding the pH of the field. (03 marks)

(b) The certain soil sample which was taken from the school farm, was analyzed in the soil laboratory and the following data were recorded:

• Weight of wet soil 280 g
• Weight of oven dry soil 220 g
• Volume of soil 200 cc Volume of pore spaces 25 cc.

From the information above, calculate:

1. The bulk density
2. The particle density
3. Percentage of water (06 marks)

7. With six reasons explain why farmers in Tanzania should adopt mechanisation by draught livestock. (09 marks)

8. a) Give the uses of the following items as they are applied in agricultural mechanization. (03 marks) 

1. Secateurs
2. Elbow
3. Forked hoe
4. Sickle
5. Hack saw
6. Mason’s trowel 

b)

1. Name the agricultural practice in vegetable production shown by letter X and Y
2. Briefly explain each of the practice you named in (i) above how is done
3. Give two advantages of practicing the agricultural practice shown by letter Y (06 marks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

Answer only two questions from this section

9. A livestock farmer recently lost several goats to a contagious disease due to failure of observing preventive measures against diseases. Explain six practices a farmer should adopt to be safe from the above loss. (15 marks)

10. Before establishing a crop farming enterprise farmers should be aware of various soil factors to ensure high crop productivity. Explain any six factors to be observed to reach the above goals. (15 marks)

11. By giving six points, explain the functions of the parts of male reproductive system in animal. (15 marks)