THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA

CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

012             HISTORY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours          Wednesday, 07^nd November 2018 p.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions.
2. Answer all       questions in sections A and B and three (3) questions from section C.
3. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
4. All drawings should be in pencil.
5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (20 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1.  For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

(i)   The average differences of age between parents and their children is called

1. period.
2.  age
3. family tree.
4. timeline. 
5. generation. 

(ii)  The first creature to walk in an upright fashion was called

1. Homo Erectus.
2. Primates.
3. Homo Sapiens. 
4. Hominids.
5. Homo Habilis. 

(iii)  Archaeological findings whose ages are beyond 5,000 years are determined by

1. using archives.
2. using carbon 14.
3. remembering events. 
4. using time charts.
5.  narration of past events. 

(iv)  What was the achievement of man during the Middle Stone Age?

1. Discovery of fire
2. Development of bipedalism
3.  Domestication of animals 
4. Making and using pebble tools
5. Discovery of iron

(v)  Which one among the following places did people paint and draw in the caves?

1. Sofala
2.  Karagwe
3. Kondoa Irangi
4. Tabora
5. Bagamoyo 

(vi) Trading contacts between East Africa and Asia in the 16^th  centuries were disturbed by 

1. Berlin conference resolutions.
2. activities of agents of colonialism.
3. expulsion of the Portuguese.
4. effects of the First World War.
5. Portuguese invasion. 

(vii) Who was the greatest ruler of Mali.

1. Askia Mohamed
2. Mansa Kankan Musa
3. Osei Tutu  
4. Uthman dan Fodio
5. Suni Ali

(viii) The making of goods and services available for human needs is known as

1. consumption. 
2.  production.
3. consolidation. 
4. interaction.
5.  transition.

(ix) Which one of the following was the immediate consequence of the development of Triangular trade?

1. Decolonization of African countries
2. Disruption of trans-Saharan trade
3. Scramble and partition of Africa
4. Adaptation of the Open Door Policy
5. Implementation of indirect rule policy

(x) America defeated her colonial master in 

1. 1873.
2. 1884. 
3. 1945.
4. 1776. 
5. 1918.

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B by writing the letter of the corresponding response beside the item number in the answer booklet provided.

SECTION B (20 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3.  (a) Draw a sketch map of Africa and locate the following:

1. A country in West Africa which attained independence under the leadership of Nnamdi Azikiwe.
2. A country which became peaceful after the death of Jonas Savimbi in 2002.
3. A country whose nationalist leader became her president after being imprisoned for 27 years.
4. German East Africa
5. A country in which the Headquarters of the African Union is situated.

(b) Outline five problems which faced Tanganyika African National Union during the struggle for independence.

4.   (a) Arrange the following statements in chronological order by writing number 1 to 5 beside the item number.

1. Portuguese were expelled from Fort Jesus.
2. Vasco Da Gama reaches East Africa.
3. Bartholomew Diaz reaches the Cape of Good Hope.
4. Tanganyika becomes a mandate colony under the British.
5. Britain becomes the first nation to undergo industrialization. 

(b) The items (i-v) consist of four sentences which form a complete historical meaning. One of the sentences is missing. Identify the missing sentence from the sentences (A - E) given after each set of items and write its letter beside the item number.

(i) 1. Clan organization was formed by several related families. 

2. _______________________

3. Clan organization developed both matrilineal and patrilineal societies.

4. In matrilineal societies clan heritage was based on the mother.

1. People in clan organizations were governed by grandfathers.
2. People in clan organizations were governed by clan heads.
3. People in clan organizations were governed by kings.
4. People in clan organizations were governed by chiefs.
5. People in clan organizations were governed by queens.       

(ii) 1.One of the first Europeans to enter the interior of East Africa were traders.

2. Most of these traders were British and Germans.

3. Carl Peters led the German East Africa COmpany to sign bogus treaties with African chiefs.

4. _________________________

1. Imperial British Africa Company led by Cecil Rhodes ruled Uganda.
2. Traders facilitated colonialism by constructing infrastructure.
3. Royal Niger Company in East Africa played similar roles.
4. Chartered companies contributed to the decolonisation of Africa.
5. European companies aided Africans in their struggles for independence.

(iii) 1. There were few communal societies in East Africa by 1850.

2.    These include the Hadzabe in Tanzania and the Dorobo in Kenya.

3.  __________________________

4.    They had few external interactions and maintained their mode of production.

1. These people used slaves in their social and economic production.
2. These people were famous long distance traders.
3. These people resisted strongly against the colonialists.
4. These people were displaced in South Africa by Mfecane.
5. These people still lived in shifting groups of hunters and gatherers.

(iv)1. From 1860s capitalism transformed from competitive to monopoly.

2.   This phase was characterized by formation of big monopolies companies.

3.    Secondly, banks now lent money for and directed investment.

4.  _____________________.

1. The third feature was the merging of bank and industrial capital.
2. The third feature was the formation of the League of Nations.
3. The third feature was the emergence of Pan-Africanism.
4. The third feature was the abolition of slave trade.
5. The third feature was the decolonization of Africa.

(v) 1. East Africa was seriously affected by the  development of capitalism.

2. These effects range from slave trade to the colonization of Africa.

3.  _________________________

4. During the 1850s, slaves became the major commodity.

1. Before the 1850s sisal and cotton were the major commodities. 
2. Before the 1850s gold and cotton were the major commodities.
3. Before the 1850s the major commodities were slaves and ivory.
4. Before the 1850s sisal and iron were the major commodities.
5. Before the 1850s iron and coal were the major commodities.           

SECTION C (60 Marks)

Answer three (3) questions from this section.

5. In six points, explain the importance of Museums to national development.

6.  Examine six effects of Majimaji uprising in Tanganyika.

7.     Assess six main features of colonial trade and commerce in Africa.

8.   “East Africa was affected by the coming of Oman rulers in Zanzibar form 1840s”. Discuss this statement by giving six points.

9.    With concrete examples, assess six problems facing the current East African Community.

10.   Assess six effects of economic interactions among the people of AFrica during the pre-colonial period.